花hua生sheng是shi一yi種zhong地di下xia結jie果guo的de大da顆ke粒li作zuo物wu，在zai收shou獲huo和he貯zhu藏zang上shang具ju有you許xu多duo與yu其qi他ta作zuo物wu種zhong子zi不bu同tong的de特te殊shu要yao求qiu。生sheng產chan上shang，花hua生sheng的de適shi期qi收shou獲huo和he安an全quan貯zhu藏zang是shi一yi項xiang技ji術shu性xing較jiao強qiang的de工gong作zuo

，事shi關guan花hua生sheng的de高gao產chan和he優you質zhi。因yin此ci，應ying切qie實shi認ren真zhen地di抓zhua好hao。下xia麵mian介jie紹shao各ge地di總zong結jie出chu來lai的de一yi些xie成cheng功gong經jing驗yan，供gong應ying用yong時shi參can考kao。

    1.花hua生sheng的de收shou獲huo適shi期qi花hua生sheng是shi陸lu續xu開kai花hua結jie果guo的de作zuo物wu，同tong一yi株zhu上shang的de莢jia果guo不bu能neng同tong時shi成cheng熟shu。因yin此ci
，如ru果guo收shou獲huo過guo早zao，影ying響xiang子zi粒li內nei養yang分fen的de積ji累lei，使shi子zi仁ren灌guan漿jiang不bu足zu
、莢果不飽滿

、秕果多
、出仁率低、含油量下降。收獲過晚，果柄幹枯黴爛、果(guo)莢(jia)易(yi)脫(tuo)落(luo)

，收(shou)獲(huo)時(shi)易(yi)發(fa)生(sheng)掉(diao)粒(li)和(he)腐(fu)爛(lan)粒(li)增(zeng)多(duo)等(deng)現(xian)象(xiang)。收(shou)獲(huo)越(yue)晚(wan)
，氣(qi)溫(wen)越(yue)低(di)，果(guo)實(shi)越(yue)不(bu)易(yi)曬(shai)幹(gan)，遇(yu)霜(shuang)凍(dong)還(hai)會(hui)受(shou)凍(dong)，影(ying)響(xiang)品(pin)質(zhi)，甚(shen)至(zhi)喪(sang)失(shi)發(fa)芽(ya)能(neng)力(li)。特(te)別(bie)是(shi)早(zao)熟(shu)品(pin)種(zhong)
，因(yin)休(xiu)眠(mian)期(qi)短(duan)，在(zai)土(tu)壤(rang)水(shui)分(fen)、wendushiyishi，haihuidaliangfayazaochengsunshi。namehuashengzaishenmeshihoushouhuoweizuishiyine？zongdeshuolai


，zaichushuangzhiqian
，dishangbufenmanjingzhiyechengxianshuailaozhuangtaishishouhuoweizuishiyi，jidingduanshengchangdiantingzhishengchang，shangbuyepianfahuang，zhong、下xia部bu葉ye片pian由you綠lv轉zhuan黃huang並bing逐zhu漸jian脫tuo落luo，莖jing蔓man變bian黃huang並bing出chu現xian不bu規gui則ze的de長chang條tiao黑hei斑ban，大da多duo數shu莢jia果guo莢jia殼ke網wang紋wen明ming顯xian，莢jia果guo內nei海hai綿mian層ceng收shou縮suo並bing有you黑hei褐he色se光guang澤ze

，子zi粒li飽bao滿man，果guo皮pi和he種zhong皮pi基ji本ben呈cheng現xian固gu有you的de顏yan色se時shi，即ji為wei花hua生sheng收shou獲huo的de最zui佳jia時shi期qi。尤you其qi是shi作zuo種zhong用yong的de花hua生sheng，更geng應ying注zhu意yi及ji時shi收shou獲huo，切qie實shi做zuo到dao"種子不見霜".

    2.花生的收獲方法剛收獲的花生含水量較高，一般達45%～50%,特別是秕果可達60%,如不及時晾曬，極易發生黴爛
、變質或遭受凍害。為了安全貯藏，確保花生品質，應在收獲後，搶晴天將帶莢果的花生植株倒置在田間晾曬2～3天，以促進後熟和風幹。然後摘果
，平攤曬果。當莢果曬到口咬發脆、手搖有響聲、剝開莢殼手搓種皮易脫落時，含水量一般在10%以下，即可裝袋入庫。

    3.花生的安全貯藏花生入庫後一定要根據其貯藏特性，重點做好防受潮
、防發熱、防受凍和防黴變等工作，確保安全貯藏。花生種子含有豐富的蛋白質、tanshuihuahewudeng，zaizhuzangguochengzhong，henrongyixishoukongqizhongdeshuifen
，shihuxizuoyongzengqiang

，tongshixiaohaoyangfen，fangchudaliangderenengshizhongziduiwenshenggao，jinerdaozhizhongzishourefameibianzhi，sangshishenglihuoli。yibandanghuashengzhuzangdekuronghuanjingqiwendadao9℃左右

、種子含水量在11%時，堆垛底部就會發熱
，出油率降低。種子含水量在13%
、溫度超過17℃，就開始產生黴菌
，若超過20℃就發生黴變。若超過安全水分界限，種子在-3℃tiaojianxiazejiyizaochengzhongzishoudongbianzhi。jishizhongzihanshuiliangzaianquanzhuzangshuifenjiexianzhixia，zaiteshudeyanhanzhongyechangfashengdonghai。yinci
，huashengshixiananquanzhuzang，yidingyaozhongshizhuzangtiaojiandegaishanhezhuzanghuanjingdekongzhi
，jingchangbaochikuneiganzao、通tong風feng和he適shi宜yi的de室shi溫wen。若ruo發fa現xian種zhong子zi含han水shui量liang超chao過guo安an全quan界jie限xian或huo種zhong堆dui溫wen度du升sheng高gao，就jiu應ying及ji時shi進jin行xing妥tuo善shan處chu置zhi
，如ru搶qiang晴qing好hao天tian氣qi翻fan倉cang晾liang曬shai等deng，以yi避bi免mian損sun失shi。