食品包裝與食品安全息息相關,被稱為“特殊的食品添加劑”,是國際食品貿易中各方檢驗檢疫機構對食品質量安全評價的重要指標之一。
優質的食品包裝可以有效保護食品,宣傳品牌,方便食品的流通、儲chu藏zang和he銷xiao售shou。而er劣lie質zhi的de食shi品pin包bao裝zhuang中zhong含han有you的de有you害hai物wu質zhi,會hui隨sui著zhe環huan境jing的de變bian化hua和he時shi間jian的de推tui移yi逐zhu漸jian向xiang食shi品pin中zhong遷qian移yi,增zeng加jia食shi品pin的de安an全quan風feng險xian。在zai市shi場chang需xu求qiu的de推tui動dong下xia,越yue來lai越yue多duo的de食shi品pin包bao裝zhuang新xin技ji術shu被bei開kai發fa出chu來lai,使shi食shi品pin安an全quan得de到dao了le進jin一yi步bu的de保bao障zhang。
智能包裝技術
zhinengbaozhuangjishushizhinenggouganyinghuocelianghuanjinghebaozhuangchanpinpinzhibianhua,bingjiangxinxichuandigeixiaofeizhehuoguanlizhedexinxingbaozhuangjishu。zhinengbaozhuangjishudechuxian,shishipinjiqibaozhuanggengjuqinheli,keyibianyuxiaofeizhexuanzefangxindeshipin,yanchangshipindehuojiaqi,youliyushipindechuzangheyunshu,juyouguangkuodeshichangxuqiuyuyingyongqianjing。
1.智能標簽
zhinengbiaoqianduishipinanquandezuoyongzhuyaobiaoxianzaiqinenggouzhishichuneizhuangshipindezhiliangzhuangkuangheqitiaobaozhuangdefenwei。tongguozaishipinbaozhuangzhongshezhiteshudezhinengbiaoqian,rujuyouguangmin、溫敏、氣敏、微生物反應等特性的標簽,能夠準確、直觀地反映食品的質量狀況。
某品牌的溫度-時間曆史記錄標識(TTI)zhinengbiaoqian,biaoqianzhongsuohandehuaxuechengfenzaiwendushenggaoshihuifashengjuhefanying,jineryinqibiaoqianyansefashengxiangyingdeminganbianhua,xiaofeizhekeyiyiciweicankaolaixuanzegengheshidechuzanghuanjing。zairouleidengshipinbaozhuangzhong,tieshangshipinxinxianxingzhibiaobiaoqianhou,dangshipinpinzhibianchashi,yinbiaoqianzhonghanyoukeyuqiti、微wei生sheng物wu發fa生sheng反fan應ying的de材cai料liao,標biao簽qian的de顏yan色se會hui隨sui氣qi體ti濃nong度du和he微wei生sheng物wu含han量liang的de變bian化hua而er改gai變bian,以yi提ti醒xing消xiao費fei者zhe注zhu意yi食shi品pin的de新xin鮮xian程cheng度du。智zhi能neng包bao裝zhuang甚shen至zhi可ke以yi減jian緩huan食shi品pin變bian質zhi的de速su度du,例li如ru,利li用yong一yi些xie材cai料liao的de熱re收shou縮suo性xing原yuan理li,在zai溫wen度du變bian化hua時shi,能neng夠gou改gai變bian包bao裝zhuang的de透tou氣qi性xing,使shi不bu同tong的de食shi品pin保bao持chi在zai最zui佳jia的de氣qi調tiao氛fen圍wei之zhi下xia,達da到dao延yan長chang食shi品pin保bao質zhi期qi的de效xiao果guo。
2.包裝信息化技術
隨著智能手機的普及,通過掃描包裝上的二維碼,消費者就能獲得食品生產日期、產地、yingyangchengfendengxinxi,shenzhibaozhuangshangdexinximeijieyekeyichengweishipinyuchujuzhijiandexinxitongdao,ruzaiweiboluzhongshezhixiangyingdesaomiaoshibiechengxu,kezhijiehuoquzhinengbaozhuangshangdeshipinjiagongxinxi,shixianzidongkongzhishipindejiarexiaoguo。
bansuizhexinxijishudefazhan,zhinengbaozhuanggeixiaofeizheheguanlizhedailailezhuduobianli,tongshidaidongleqitaxiangguanlingyujishudefazhan,danmuqianqichengbenjiaogao,xianzhiletuiguangyingyong,yincixiangfangshefajiangdizhinengbaozhuangchengbenshiweilaideyanjiuzhongdian。
環保包裝材料技術
隨著人們環保意識的提高,對食品安全和環境保護的呼聲也越來越高,尤其是出口貿易食品,對包裝的無汙染、低碳、環保、可再生、可重複使用的要求更加嚴格。
可食性包裝材料具有重要的環保與經濟價值。一方麵,可食性包裝材料由澱粉、蛋白質、多糖、脂肪等製成,本身具有可食性,消除了高分子、低di聚ju物wu等deng有you害hai物wu質zhi對dui食shi品pin的de汙wu染ran,能neng夠gou保bao證zheng食shi品pin安an全quan。另ling一yi方fang麵mian,可ke食shi性xing包bao裝zhuang材cai料liao來lai源yuan廣guang,是shi一yi種zhong無wu廢fei棄qi物wu的de環huan保bao型xing包bao裝zhuang材cai料liao。目mu前qian,可ke食shi性xing包bao裝zhuang材cai料liao技ji術shu已yi取qu得de多duo項xiang研yan究jiu成cheng果guo,如ru大da豆dou蛋dan白bai質zhi包bao裝zhuang膜mo、yumiyuhaizaosuannafuhemodeng,zaitigaoshipinanquandetongshi,yegeishangjiadailailegengduochuangyiyushangji。rutianranjiaozhiheganzhezhizhichengdekeshixingbeiziyijikendejikeshixingkafeibei。
可ke食shi性xing包bao裝zhuang材cai料liao減jian少shao了le包bao裝zhuang廢fei棄qi物wu的de產chan生sheng,使shi包bao裝zhuang更geng加jia安an全quan,市shi場chang潛qian力li巨ju大da,但dan目mu前qian仍reng有you一yi些xie問wen題ti有you待dai進jin一yi步bu解jie決jue。一yi是shi可ke食shi性xing包bao裝zhuang材cai料liao的de性xing能neng與yu紙zhi張zhang、塑料等傳統包裝材料相比仍存在很大差距;二是可食性包裝材料更適用於產品內包裝,需增加一層外包裝,這就增加了包裝成本;三是成品率不高,製造工藝有待完善。但相信隨著技術的發展,這些問題將會逐步得到有效解決,可食性包裝材料也將得到推廣應用。
印yin刷shua油you墨mo方fang麵mian,凹ao印yin水shui性xing油you墨mo是shi提ti高gao食shi品pin包bao裝zhuang印yin刷shua安an全quan與yu環huan保bao性xing能neng的de有you效xiao方fang法fa。水shui性xing油you墨mo通tong過guo對dui樹shu脂zhi進jin行xing改gai性xing處chu理li,提ti高gao其qi醇chun溶rong性xing與yu水shui溶rong性xing,因yin此ci使shi用yong水shui性xing油you墨mo印yin刷shua,能neng夠gou保bao證zheng印yin刷shua品pin表biao麵mian的de有you毒du物wu質zhi大da大da減jian少shao,且qie消xiao除chu了le靜jing電dian和he易yi燃ran溶rong劑ji的de火huo災zai隱yin患huan。水shui性xing油you墨mo是shi環huan保bao印yin刷shua的de主zhu要yao發fa展zhan方fang向xiang之zhi一yi,進jin一yi步bu提ti高gao其qi色se澤ze度du、耐磨性與耐候性等指標,有助於拓寬水性油墨的應用空間。
新型防偽技術
假jia冒mao偽wei劣lie產chan品pin給gei食shi品pin安an全quan帶dai來lai了le重zhong大da安an全quan隱yin患huan,不bu僅jin危wei害hai消xiao費fei者zhe的de身shen心xin健jian康kang,擾rao亂luan市shi場chang秩zhi序xu,而er且qie損sun害hai正zheng品pin商shang家jia的de信xin譽yu。傳chuan統tong的de防fang偽wei手shou段duan之zhi所suo以yi容rong易yi被bei破po解jie和he模mo仿fang,最zui大da的de原yuan因yin在zai於yu不bu具ju備bei可ke溯su源yuan性xing。隨sui著zhe智zhi能neng手shou機ji的de普pu及ji,基ji於yu移yi動dong設she備bei的de新xin型xing防fang偽wei技ji術shu在zai打da擊ji假jia冒mao偽wei劣lie產chan品pin的de活huo動dong中zhong發fa揮hui了le重zhong要yao作zuo用yong。
1.三維碼防偽技術
gumingsiyi,sanweimafangweijishushicongchuantongdeerweimafangweijishufazhanerlaide,yiyansedeshenqianzuoweidisanweidu,nenggouduirenyijinzhideshujujinxingbianyi,qifangweizaitidexinxirongliangheanquanxinggenggao。
根據三維碼的原理特點,可以直接對原包裝設計進行編譯,結合隱形油墨技術,使三維碼“隱形”在原包裝圖像中,實現隱形防偽效果。實現原理是:首shou先xian對dui原yuan包bao裝zhuang的de圖tu像xiang信xin息xi進jin行xing定ding位wei提ti取qu,並bing編bian譯yi到dao三san維wei碼ma中zhong,然ran後hou在zai印yin刷shua時shi先xian印yin刷shua原yuan有you圖tu像xiang,再zai使shi用yong隱yin形xing油you墨mo定ding位wei印yin刷shua相xiang應ying的de二er維wei碼ma即ji可ke,幾ji乎hu不bu增zeng加jia任ren何he成cheng本ben費fei用yong。正zheng常chang情qing況kuang下xia,隱yin形xing的de二er維wei碼ma不bu可ke見jian,在zai特te殊shu光guang照zhao或huo加jia熱re等deng條tiao件jian下xia才cai能neng顯xian現xian出chu來lai,與yu原yuan圖tu像xiang組zu成cheng完wan整zheng的de三san維wei碼ma,實shi現xian防fang偽wei功gong能neng,且qie不bu影ying響xiang原yuan包bao裝zhuang的de美mei感gan。
2.隨機紋理防偽技術
隨sui機ji紋wen理li防fang偽wei技ji術shu又you稱cheng數shu理li防fang偽wei技ji術shu,最zui早zao應ying用yong在zai紙zhi張zhang防fang偽wei上shang,通tong過guo在zai造zao紙zhi過guo程cheng中zhong加jia入ru隨sui機ji的de纖xian維wei,製zhi作zuo出chu具ju有you特te定ding特te征zheng的de紙zhi張zhang。隨sui機ji紋wen理li防fang偽wei技ji術shu原yuan理li如ru圖tu5suoshi,genjugaiyuanli,womenkeyiliyongyinshuadefangshishixianleisidefangweixiaoguo。shouxianliyongshuxuemoxingdedaosuijidequxianhuozhetuxing,ranhoujiangqiyinshuazhichanpinbaozhuangshang,binglurushujukuzhong,xiaofeizhezhixujiezhuyidongshebeideshexiangtoucaijibaozhuangshangdefangweibiaoshi,jikeyufuwuqishangshujukuzhongdexinxijinxingpipeishibie。
由(you)於(yu)隨(sui)機(ji)紋(wen)理(li)防(fang)偽(wei)技(ji)術(shu)的(de)防(fang)偽(wei)特(te)征(zheng)具(ju)有(you)隨(sui)機(ji)性(xing)和(he)唯(wei)一(yi)性(xing),造(zao)假(jia)者(zhe)很(hen)難(nan)對(dui)其(qi)進(jin)行(xing)模(mo)仿(fang)複(fu)製(zhi),因(yin)此(ci)防(fang)偽(wei)效(xiao)果(guo)極(ji)高(gao)。另(ling)外(wai),設(she)計(ji)人(ren)員(yuan)可(ke)以(yi)將(jiang)防(fang)偽(wei)信(xin)息(xi)設(she)計(ji)成(cheng)圖(tu)形(xing)、圖案,並對其進行藝術性處理,使其在具備防偽特征的同時,又不失美感,彰顯產品特色,吸引消費者眼球,從而促進銷售。
3.射頻標簽防偽技術
最常見的射頻標簽防偽技術是RFID防偽技術,一套完整的RFID係統由電子標簽、閱(yue)讀(du)器(qi)和(he)天(tian)線(xian)組(zu)成(cheng),其(qi)防(fang)偽(wei)原(yuan)理(li)是(shi)根(gen)據(ju)編(bian)碼(ma)和(he)加(jia)密(mi)對(dui)電(dian)子(zi)標(biao)簽(qian)進(jin)行(xing)發(fa)行(xing)和(he)授(shou)權(quan)處(chu)理(li),使(shi)每(mei)一(yi)件(jian)商(shang)品(pin)具(ju)有(you)唯(wei)一(yi)的(de)編(bian)碼(ma)序(xu)號(hao),以(yi)實(shi)現(xian)識(shi)別(bie)的(de)唯(wei)一(yi)性(xing)。RFID防偽技術具有通用簡單、便於識別、安全可靠性高的特點,但由於需要專門的識別設備,成本太高,目前主要應用於物流運輸和高檔商品包裝中。
NFC防偽技術是RFID防偽技術的整合升級。與RFID防偽技術不同的是,NFC防偽技術能夠整合在NFC手機中,數據傳輸具有雙向性,交互性好,且標簽能夠重複讀寫防偽驗證過程,增加了“第三方認證機構”,具有更好的溯源性。
食品包裝關係著公眾的健康安全,應給予足夠的重視。智能包裝技術、huanbaobaozhuangcailiaojishuhexinxingfangweijishudechuxian,gongguleshipinanquandefangxian。danmuqianguoneishipinbaozhuangjishufazhanshuipingyuguojixianjinshuipingxiangbirengcunzaijiaodadechaju,yincibaozhuangjixiangguanqiyeyingjinyibujiaqiangjishuyanfajichanyehuazhuanhuagongzuo,shenruwajueshichangjiazhi,cujinbaozhuangxinjishuweishipinanquanbaguan。
手機版




