防大風暴雨危害苗床地勢要較高、四周有排水溝，遇暴雨能及時排出漬水。最好采用“一網一膜”覆蓋法，即在塑料薄膜上再覆蓋遮陽網

，其遮陽降溫、fangbaoyudexingnengbidanyizheyangwangfugaidexiaoguoyaohao。zaibaoyulailinqian
，jiangsuliaobomolaxia
，fangfengkouheyan，sizhouyongtumaiyan
，fangyushuiliurumiaochuang，yamoxiangudinghao，fangzhibeidafengchuikai。ruomiaochuangjinshui，shiturangbanjie，bulizhongzifayachutu，yizaochengdaliangsimiao。 

    防幹旱危害播種前，要測試種子發芽率，根據測試結果確定播種量，在苗床中澆足底水後播種或充分灌水。播種用水不能用汙水、髒水
，最好用地下水。播種前，苗床要遮陽保濕，根據天氣情況，可在早晨或傍晚用噴壺向苗床噴少量水，防止苗床幹旱。

    防fang秧yang苗miao徒tu長chang秧yang苗miao徒tu長chang主zhu要yao是shi因yin光guang照zhao不bu足zu。光guang合he作zuo用yong弱ruo，製zhi造zao的de養yang料liao少shao，溫wen度du高gao，特te別bie是shi夜ye溫wen高gao
，呼hu吸xi作zuo用yong強qiang
，消xiao耗hao養yang料liao多duo，使shi體ti內nei幹gan物wu質zhi含han量liang減jian少shao
，加jia之zhi氮dan肥fei和he水shui分fen充chong足zu，造zao成cheng了le徒tu長chang。另ling外wai

，秧yang苗miao密mi度du過guo大da，互hu相xiang遮zhe擋dang
，光guang照zhao不bu足zu，苗miao床chuang內nei不bu通tong風feng
，秧yang苗miao周zhou圍wei受shou光guang少shao，隻zhi有you頂ding部bu受shou光guang多duo
，促cu使shi幼you莖jing迅xun速su伸shen長chang

，也ye會hui引yin起qi徒tu長chang。因yin此ci，苗miao床chuang切qie忌ji大da水shui漫man灌guan
，隻zhi能neng用yong噴pen壺hu噴pen灑sa水shui，澆jiao水shui量liang不bu可ke過guo大da
，保bao持chi苗miao床chuang見jian幹gan見jian濕shi，並bing及ji時shi間jian苗miao和he分fen苗miao。隻zhi要yao不bu下xia雨yu，棚peng膜mo要yao敞chang開kai，便bian於yu通tong風feng透tou光guang排pai濕shi，陰yin雨yu天tian，揭jie除chu遮zhe陽yang網wang，隻zhi留liu塑su料liao薄bo膜mo防fang雨yu，爭zheng取qu較jiao多duo散san射she光guang照zhao。 

    防病蟲危害夏秋季育苗時
，病毒病、蚜蟲、菜cai青qing蟲chong等deng病bing蟲chong極ji易yi產chan生sheng危wei害hai。因yin此ci育yu苗miao時shi要yao注zhu意yi防fang病bing蟲chong危wei害hai。一yi是shi施shi肥fei要yao施shi充chong分fen腐fu熟shu的de有you機ji肥fei，苗miao床chuang用yong多duo菌jun靈ling或huo甲jia醛quan等deng藥yao劑ji處chu理li消xiao毒du，種zhong子zi需xu要yao用yong溫wen水shui浸jin泡pao或huo用yong藥yao劑ji處chu理li，避bi免mian土tu傳chuan病bing害hai發fa生sheng。二er是shi播bo種zhong後hou
，立li即ji在zai苗miao床chuang內nei和he四si周zhou撒sa毒du餌er，毒du殺sha螻lou蛄gu等deng地di下xia害hai蟲chong。三san是shi降jiang低di苗miao床chuang溫wen度du
，以yi利li於yu預yu防fang病bing毒du病bing的de發fa生sheng。四si是shi選xuan擇ze抗kang病bing品pin種zhong。五wu是shi用yong防fang蟲chong網wang育yu苗miao，苗miao床chuang內nei設she立li黃huang色se和he橙cheng色se的de誘you蚜ya板ban，誘you殺sha蚜ya蟲chong。六liu是shi及ji時shi打da藥yao
，常chang用yong藥yao劑ji有you75%百菌清、50%多菌靈、70%代森錳鋅、20%病毒A、1.5%植病靈乳油、50%福美雙
、50%抗蚜威、50%辛硫磷乳劑、80%敵百蟲等。