近年來荔枝(糯米糍、桂味、三月紅、綠紗、甜岩等)裂果現象比較普遍,荔枝裂果多出現在果實膨大期,正常年份一般在二三成,嚴重的達到五成。
關於荔枝裂果的原因和機理,國內報道的很多,其中很多研究者提到荔枝裂果與荔枝的礦質營養狀況有關,尤其是鈣素營養狀況。
womendetiaozhaxianshi,nanfangturangweisuanxingturang,chengshuqizhengzhiyuji,qieguonongzaizhongzhiguanliguochengzhong,shifeishangpianzhongdanfei,qinglinjiafei,hushizhongweiliangyuansufeiliaodebuchong,daozhiturangsuanhualihai、板結和耕性差,缺素現象和根係病害多,加上栽培不當和病蟲危害,是荔枝出現裂果主要的外界因素。
因此,我們在廣州的增城地區、茂mao名ming,分fen別bie安an排pai了le利li用yong土tu壤rang調tiao理li劑ji和he糖tang醇chun螯ao合he鈣gai肥fei改gai善shan樹shu體ti的de礦kuang質zhi營ying養yang狀zhuang況kuang和he補bu鈣gai來lai預yu防fang裂lie果guo的de示shi範fan試shi驗yan,其qi中zhong,土tu壤rang調tiao理li劑ji為wei富fu泰tai威wei有you機ji鈣gai粉fen,由you牡mu蠣li殼ke粉fen經jing高gao溫wen煆duan燒shao製zhi成cheng,有you效xiao鈣gai含han量liang為wei45%, 具ju有you中zhong和he酸suan性xing能neng力li和he改gai良liang土tu壤rang的de作zuo用yong,糖tang醇chun螯ao合he鈣gai肥fei的de商shang品pin名ming為wei果guo蔬shu鈣gai肥fei,它ta解jie決jue了le鈣gai素su在zai韌ren皮pi部bu的de移yi動dong性xing問wen題ti,可ke提ti高gao果guo樹shu鈣gai吸xi收shou率lv和he鈣gai肥fei利li用yong率lv。試shi驗yan荔li枝zhi品pin種zhong為wei糯nuo米mi糍ci、桂味和白糖罌,采取措施為:措施一,增城四豐,秋季底施土壤改良劑富態威有機鈣粉,幼果期和膨大期噴施糖醇螯合鈣5次;措施二,增城尹鎮城,第二次生理落果開始葉麵噴施果蔬鈣肥,間隔2周,共噴5次;cuoshisan,maominghuazhou,diercishengliluoguoqianjishifutaiweiyoujigaifenheyemianpenshiguoshugaifei,luoguohouyizhoupenyiciguoshugaifei,pengdaqijiangeyizhoupenyiciguoshugaifei,ji4次噴施。
tiaozhaxianshi,zengchengsifengshifanquduizhaoguoyuanlieguojiaoduo,dandupenshiguoshugaifeidechuli,lieguomingxianjianshao,zhizhuwaiweibilimianshao,kenenghetongfengtouguangyouguan,shiyongturanggailiangjiheyemianpenshipeitaocuoshiyudanpenguoshugaifeidewumingxianchayi,zhelianggechulibufenguoshiyijingkaishizhuanse,daxiaojunyi。chengshucaishouqiduizhaolieguolvdadaolesancheng,erlianggechulilieguolvmingxiandiyuduizhao,qiwaiguanguoxing、顏色光澤、甜度、口感、儲藏效果都優於對照果園。
茂名地區示範區,底施富態威有機鈣粉(土壤改良劑),葉噴果蔬鈣肥(糖醇螯合鈣)配套措施的荔枝裂果率在0.53%,單獨葉麵噴施果蔬鈣肥的裂果率在3.21%,對照的裂果率達到8.33%。
結論:通tong過guo富fu泰tai威wei有you機ji鈣gai粉fen土tu壤rang改gai良liang和he葉ye麵mian補bu充chong鈣gai肥fei可ke有you效xiao減jian少shao荔li枝zhi裂lie果guo,這zhe說shuo明ming通tong過guo外wai源yuan補bu鈣gai對dui預yu防fang荔li枝zhi裂lie果guo是shi有you一yi定ding作zuo用yong的de。為wei了le達da到dao理li想xiang的de效xiao果guo,要yao注zhu意yi使shi用yong的de次ci數shu和he時shi間jian,富fu泰tai威wei有you機ji鈣gai粉fen最zui好hao結jie合he秋qiu施shi基ji肥fei施shi入ru,果guo蔬shu鈣gai肥fei最zui好hao能neng在zai生sheng理li落luo果guo後hou結jie合he噴pen藥yao使shi用yong4~5次。
由於導致荔枝裂果的原因是多方麵的,涉及到水分和施肥等綜合防治技術,並不能單靠施鈣肥來防治,做好全麵管理措施是必要的。
手機版




