shucaidexijunbingjihumeizhongshucaidouyoufasheng,gezhongkejiziliaodouyoufangzhifangfajieshao,yinweifangfataiduocainongduonanyijiyinanyishicong。zenyangcongzhongduodefangzhifangfazhongxuanchuzuiyouxiaodefangfa,shidajiadexiwang。zhejiuxuyaocongxijunbingdegongxingzhongqutantaoqufenxi。
shucaidexijunbingwuyiliwaidoushuganjun。suoyishiyongkangshengsunongyaoyaoxuanyonglianmeisu。lianmeisuduiganjunxiaoguohaozheshiguilv,erbunengyongqingmeisu。yinqingmeisuduiqiujunxiaoguohao,duiganjunwuxiao。lingwaishiyongchunleimeisu、中生黴素、新植黴素、水合黴素也很有效。其中新植黴素是由鏈黴素與土黴素混成,使用防治蔬菜細菌病可避免抗性產生。
為害蔬菜的細菌都是單細胞微生物,其體形小,體壁薄,遇到重金屬離子會“變性”,即ji發fa生sheng質zhi的de變bian化hua,會hui很hen快kuai導dao致zhi細xi菌jun死si亡wang。所suo以yi殺sha滅mie細xi菌jun使shi用yong銅tong製zhi劑ji是shi首shou選xuan。銅tong製zhi劑ji種zhong類lei多duo,波bo爾er多duo液ye是shi最zui老lao的de品pin種zhong,屬shu氫qing氯lv化hua銅tong的de可ke殺sha得de、豐護安、冠菌銅,屬氧氯化銅的王銅、加jia瑞rui農nong都dou是shi很hen好hao的de銅tong製zhi劑ji,屬shu於yu堿jian式shi硫liu酸suan銅tong的de銅tong高gao尚shang,屬shu於yu二er元yuan銅tong的de琥hu膠jiao肥fei酸suan銅tong都dou是shi。用yong銅tong製zhi劑ji殺sha細xi菌jun,在zai使shi用yong濃nong度du很hen低di的de情qing況kuang下xia,仍reng會hui有you很hen好hao的de效xiao果guo。銅tong製zhi劑ji農nong藥yao使shi用yong說shuo明ming中zhong的de濃nong度du多duo是shi針zhen對dui“真菌”而定的,在專用以防治細菌時可適當降低,如說明書中為600倍時則可用1000倍左右,其效果不減卻避免了藥害。這在豆科蔬菜上防細菌時顯得非常重要,因芸豆、架豆王、油豆、豆角等豆科蔬菜,常因銅製劑使用(按說明書)濃度高而發生藥害,使葉子硬、生黑小點、莢果上生小黑斑,“又黑又亮、擦不掉、不腐爛、稍凹陷”的就是。把濃度降低些,就解決了產生藥害的問題,但對細菌病的效果依然良好。這不失為既防了細菌病又能避免藥害的好辦法。
細菌病都是由蔬菜傷口和氣孔、水孔侵入。所以要注意對蔬菜造成微傷口的一些管理環節:如西葫蘆葉柄長、葉ye子zi大da,如ru果guo大da棚peng管guan理li中zhong放fang底di風feng與yu上shang部bu放fang風feng同tong時shi進jin行xing會hui造zao成cheng葉ye片pian晃huang動dong,就jiu是shi這zhe種zhong原yuan因yin造zao成cheng的de。細xi菌jun性xing軟ruan腐fu使shi葉ye柄bing基ji部bu形xing成cheng裂lie口kou,軟ruan腐fu細xi菌jun可ke乘cheng機ji而er入ru。西xi葫hu蘆lu常chang有you細xi菌jun性xing軟ruan腐fu病bing暴bao發fa,從cong葉ye柄bing基ji部bu腐fu爛lan,引yin起qi莖jing腐fu爛lan,植zhi株zhu死si亡wang,損sun失shi很hen大da。所suo以yi要yao注zhu意yi西xi葫hu蘆lu放fang風feng的de方fang式shi,盡jin量liang減jian少shao晃huang動dong或huo早zao噴pen用yong銅tong製zhi劑ji預yu防fang傷shang口kou發fa病bing是shi非fei常chang重zhong要yao的de,平ping時shi在zai菜cai田tian操cao作zuo也ye應ying注zhu意yi減jian少shao與yu蔬shu菜cai莖jing、葉、果的磨擦,意在避免產生傷口,引發病害。在細菌病已發生的田塊裏尤應注意。
細菌病的侵入和傳播都需要水的存在,所以澆水、下雨、常使細菌病發生趨向嚴重,葉片“吐水”,棚室中蔬菜葉片、莖稈結露會增加細菌入侵機會,傷口、自zi然ran孔kong口kou發fa病bing也ye多duo是shi水shui的de存cun在zai為wei細xi菌jun提ti供gong了le條tiao件jian。其qi次ci是shi溫wen度du影ying響xiang,在zai較jiao高gao的de溫wen度du條tiao件jian下xia細xi菌jun繁fan衍yan快kuai,病bing害hai多duo發fa。如ru現xian在zai正zheng處chu夏xia秋qiu季ji節jie,天tian氣qi熱re又you多duo雨yu,這zhe就jiu很hen需xu要yao對dui細xi菌jun病bing嚴yan加jia防fang範fan了le。
手機版




