(1)肥害：zhongshangbuyepianchengzhengqixiangjinbianzhuang
，zuzhibuhuaisi，shangbuyepianbianxiao，bufenyeyuanxiachuichengjiangluosanzhuang，shengchangdianjinsuo。zhezhongxianxiangshiyouyushifeiguoduo，turangrongyenongduguodazaochengde，paoqugenxikejiangenbianxiuse，genjianqidun。

(2)藥害：yeyuanchengwulvseweisuo，jinyibubianqingkuhuaisi。zhezhongxianxiangshiyouyupenyaoliangda
，penyaocishuduoyinqideyaohai。tingzhipenyaohoushouhaiqingdeyepiannenghuifu，xinshengyezhengchangshengchang。

(3)氨氣害：中部葉片邊緣或葉脈間發生黃化，葉脈仍為綠色，病部與健部界限清楚。這種現象是氨氣危害的病狀
，嚴重時葉片幹枯。

(4)心葉爛邊幹枯：這種現象是由於地溫低土壤水分過多引起的漚根或受肥燒所引起。一側部分葉片幹枯
，另一側正常，多由地下相應部分的根遭受糞燒、蟲害或機械損傷所致。　

(5)錳害：yepianshangchuxianwangzhuangdehuaiban，huaibanzhujiankuoda，yemaibiandanhuangseerkusi，rongmaobianheise。zhezhongxianxiangshiyoushifeiguoliang，yinqigenxixishoumengguoduo，huodaliangshiyonghanmengnongyaoyinqidemengguoshengzheng。

(6)地溫太高：zaochenyepianbianyuansishuitangzhuang
，huozaiyemianshangchuxianduojiaoxinghuoyuandianzhuangshuiziban
，taiyangchulaibujiuhuifuzhengchang。zhezhongxianxiangshiyouyudiwengaoyuqiwen，zaimibiduoshidetiaojianxia
，yepianzhengtengshouyizhiyexibaoneishuifenliuruxibaosuozhi。

(7)氣溫突然降低：中(zhong)下(xia)部(bu)葉(ye)片(pian)正(zheng)常(chang)
，上(shang)部(bu)小(xiao)葉(ye)片(pian)邊(bian)緣(yuan)上(shang)卷(juan)
，稍(shao)呈(cheng)萎(wei)蔫(nian)狀(zhuang)。這(zhe)種(zhong)現(xian)象(xiang)是(shi)由(you)於(yu)未(wei)經(jing)變(bian)溫(wen)管(guan)理(li)，白(bai)天(tian)通(tong)風(feng)過(guo)早(zao)，氣(qi)溫(wen)突(tu)然(ran)降(jiang)低(di)所(suo)致(zhi)。嚴(yan)重(zhong)時(shi)影(ying)響(xiang)葉(ye)片(pian)正(zheng)常(chang)生(sheng)長(chang)，葉(ye)片(pian)不(bu)能(neng)充(chong)分(fen)展(zhan)開(kai)。