藥害苗
藥害苗產生的原因很多:一是誤用了不對症的農藥或誤用了除草劑;二是施用農藥的濃度過大或者連續重複施藥;三是高溫條件下施藥;四是施用了劣質農藥;五是施藥方法不正確或將不能混用的農藥簡單混合使用。
防治措施:yishijishipenshuichongxi。ruoshiyepianhezhizhuyinpensayaoyeeryinqiyaohai,ruguofaxianjishi,kezaizaoqiyaoyeshangweiwanquanshentoushi,xunsuyongdaliangqingshuipensayepian,fanfupenshui3~4次ci,盡jin量liang把ba植zhi株zhu表biao麵mian的de藥yao液ye衝chong刷shua掉diao,並bing配pei合he中zhong耕geng鬆song土tu,促cu進jin根gen係xi發fa育yu,迅xun速su恢hui複fu植zhi株zhu正zheng常chang生sheng長chang。二er是shi中zhong和he處chu理li,噴pen施shi植zhi物wu生sheng長chang調tiao節jie劑ji。根gen據ju引yin發fa藥yao害hai的de農nong藥yao性xing質zhi,采cai用yong與yu其qi性xing質zhi相xiang反fan的de藥yao物wu中zhong和he,如ru噴pen硫liu酸suan銅tong藥yao害hai可ke用yong0.5%生石灰水中和,多效唑藥害可噴灑赤黴素緩解。用芸苔素內酯、愛多收、細胞分裂素等植物生長調節劑,配合甲殼素、海藻酸、氨基酸、核苷酸、全(quan)營(ying)養(yang)葉(ye)麵(mian)肥(fei)等(deng)處(chu)理(li)葉(ye)片(pian),可(ke)提(ti)高(gao)葉(ye)片(pian)抗(kang)性(xing),減(jian)輕(qing)藥(yao)害(hai)。三(san)是(shi)追(zhui)施(shi)速(su)效(xiao)肥(fei)料(liao)。按(an)照(zhao)蔬(shu)菜(cai)生(sheng)長(chang)規(gui)律(lv),蔬(shu)菜(cai)遭(zao)受(shou)藥(yao)害(hai)後(hou),往(wang)往(wang)生(sheng)長(chang)受(shou)到(dao)抑(yi)製(zhi),此(ci)時(shi)要(yao)及(ji)時(shi)澆(jiao)水(shui),並(bing)追(zhui)施(shi)全(quan)水(shui)溶(rong)性(xing)肥(fei)料(liao)。
萎蔫苗
多由連續陰雨天氣突然轉晴後,全部揭開遮陽網所致。
防止措施:一是遇連續陰天突然轉晴後,要使幼苗逐漸見光,切勿立即全部揭開覆蓋物,應分批揭除,逐漸增加光照;在(zai)棚(peng)的(de)高(gao)處(chu)通(tong)風(feng),利(li)用(yong)放(fang)風(feng)口(kou)的(de)大(da)小(xiao)和(he)放(fang)風(feng)時(shi)間(jian)的(de)長(chang)短(duan)來(lai)調(tiao)節(jie)苗(miao)床(chuang)溫(wen)度(du),切(qie)忌(ji)通(tong)底(di)風(feng)。二(er)是(shi)揭(jie)開(kai)遮(zhe)陽(yang)網(wang)後(hou)不(bu)久(jiu),如(ru)有(you)幼(you)苗(miao)萎(wei)蔫(nian),要(yao)立(li)即(ji)蓋(gai)苫(shan),待(dai)幼(you)苗(miao)恢(hui)複(fu)正(zheng)常(chang)後(hou)再(zai)揭(jie)苫(shan),切(qie)忌(ji)對(dui)萎(wei)蔫(nian)苗(miao)澆(jiao)水(shui)。三(san)是(shi)噴(pen)水(shui)、控溫。噴水,提高空氣濕度,此為開源。空氣濕度較高時,葉片蒸騰作用明顯降低,這也是棚室內蔬菜葉片大、qikongdadezhuyaoyuanyin。penshuihaikeshiyepianzhijiexishoushuifen,huanjieweinianzhengzhuang。kongwen,jiangdiyepianzhengtengzuoyongqiangdu,ciweijieliu。wenduduikongqixiangduishidudeyingxiangjida,zhizhuchuxianweinianshi,shidangjiangdiwendu,ketigaokongqixiangduishidu,jiangdizhengtengzuoyongqiangdu,huanjieweinian。
漚根苗
由於床土濕度大、溫度高而引起的根係損傷,其表現是葉片發黃萎蔫,秧苗停止生長。
防止措施:一是及時降低濕度。選擇透氣性強的土壤做苗床,在大棚或溫室等保護地育苗時,一般苗床不明顯幹旱(表土手握不散團)shiyingjinliangshaojiaoshuihuobujiaoshui,mingxianganhanshijiaoshuiliangyebuyiguoda。chuangneishiduguoda,kefugaigancaomuhui,yekeshidangjinxingtongfengpaishi。ershishizunongjiafei。shucaiyumiao,yaozengshinongjiafei,jikepeifeidili,peiyuzhuangmiao,tigaoshucaiyoumiaokangbingnengli,youketigaodiwen,jianqingbinghaifasheng。jutizuofashi:在zai蔬shu菜cai育yu苗miao前qian,將jiang充chong分fen腐fu熟shu的de農nong家jia肥fei搗dao碎sui與yu床chuang土tu混hun拌ban。三san是shi適shi時shi通tong風feng。在zai子zi葉ye展zhan開kai後hou,揭jie開kai覆fu蓋gai物wu通tong風feng,並bing向xiang苗miao床chuang內nei均jun勻yun撒sa施shi一yi層ceng細xi幹gan土tu,隨sui後hou蓋gai嚴yan覆fu蓋gai物wu,這zhe樣yang可ke降jiang低di床chuang土tu濕shi度du。四si是shi一yi旦dan發fa生sheng漚ou根gen,要yao及ji時shi通tong風feng排pai濕shi,也ye可ke撒sa施shi細xi幹gan土tu和he草cao木mu灰hui吸xi濕shi。五wu是shi中zhong耕geng鬆song土tu。一yi般ban情qing況kuang下xia,多duo數shu蔬shu菜cai根gen係xi在zai土tu壤rang氧yang氣qi濃nong度du為wei8%以yi上shang時shi生sheng長chang良liang好hao。土tu壤rang由you於yu透tou氣qi性xing差cha,又you有you根gen係xi和he微wei生sheng物wu的de活huo動dong,氧yang氣qi濃nong度du要yao比bi大da氣qi低di得de多duo,特te別bie是shi在zai土tu壤rang板ban結jie和he積ji水shui時shi,根gen係xi無wu氧yang呼hu吸xi導dao致zhi有you毒du物wu質zhi增zeng加jia,不bu利li於yu根gen係xi生sheng長chang。及ji時shi中zhong耕geng劃hua鋤chu,提ti高gao土tu壤rang透tou氣qi性xing,是shi促cu進jin根gen係xi生sheng長chang、培育健壯植株的保障。
手機版




