⑴煙青蟲蛀果對軟腐病的發生與流行具有較大的決定作用。煙青蟲發生多的年份青椒軟腐病發病較重,反之發病輕,病害流行慢。
⑵yanqingchongduiruanfubingjuedingxiaoyingzailudizhongzhishibipengshizaipeixiangduixianzhu。jinguanpengshizaipeishipengneiliyuruanfubingzishengmanyandexiaoqihouhuanjingjiaoyixingcheng,danshidapengsheshidengduiyanqingchongjuyoujiaodadeguibizuoyong,suiranqingjiaobeiyanqingchongzhuruhoujiyifabing(不采用防蟲設施,如防蟲網等時,煙青蟲易進入棚內危害),但dan是shi棚peng內nei可ke以yi人ren為wei創chuang造zao出chu不bu利li於yu病bing害hai流liu行xing的de小xiao環huan境jing,從cong而er使shi得de煙yan青qing蟲chong對dui軟ruan腐fu病bing決jue定ding效xiao應ying有you所suo減jian弱ruo。露lu地di種zhong植zhi過guo程cheng中zhong,一yi旦dan青qing椒jiao受shou煙yan青qing蟲chong蛀zhu蝕shi危wei害hai後hou,在zai自zi然ran氣qi候hou條tiao件jian適shi宜yi軟ruan腐fu病bing發fa生sheng時shi即ji就jiu流liu行xing成cheng災zai,難nan以yi人ren為wei改gai變bian發fa病bing大da氣qi候hou環huan境jing,而er使shi得de此ci時shi煙yan青qing蟲chong對dui軟ruan腐fu病bing的de決jue定ding效xiao應ying相xiang對dui顯xian著zhu。其qi綜zong合he治zhi理li措cuo施shi如ru下xia:
一、zhichongfangbingbiaobenjianzhi。jianyuqingjiaoruanfubingdefashengyuyanqingchongzhushiweihaicunzaijiaodadexiangguanxing,suoyizaishijishengchanzhongyaozuodaobiaobenjianzhi,bixuzhichongfangbingshuangguanqixia,qizhongyaoyizhichongweiguanjiandian,cainengqidaojiaohaodefangxiao。
二、防(fang)治(zhi)適(shi)期(qi)。在(zai)防(fang)治(zhi)過(guo)程(cheng)中(zhong),要(yao)抓(zhua)住(zhu)兩(liang)個(ge)主(zhu)要(yao)時(shi)期(qi),掌(zhang)握(wo)防(fang)治(zhi)指(zhi)標(biao)施(shi)藥(yao)。一(yi)是(shi)田(tian)間(jian)未(wei)有(you)蛀(zhu)果(guo)形(xing)成(cheng)時(shi),在(zai)煙(yan)青(qing)蟲(chong)幼(you)蟲(chong)尚(shang)未(wei)蛀(zhu)入(ru)青(qing)椒(jiao)果(guo)實(shi)內(nei)部(bu),即(ji)初(chu)孵(fu)幼(you)蟲(chong)至(zhi)2齡幼蟲期,突擊用藥,將煙青蟲“拒之果外”,可以大大減輕後繼軟腐病的滋生蔓延;二er是shi田tian間jian已yi經jing出chu現xian蛀zhu果guo後hou,蟲chong病bing兼jian治zhi,搶qiang在zai發fa病bing條tiao件jian沒mei有you形xing成cheng時shi用yong好hao殺sha菌jun劑ji,對dui於yu棚peng式shi栽zai培pei青qing椒jiao,最zui好hao配pei合he大da棚peng溫wen濕shi度du管guan理li措cuo施shi,改gai變bian適shi宜yi病bing害hai流liu行xing的de小xiao環huan境jing條tiao件jian來lai抑yi製zhi軟ruan腐fu病bing防fang效xiao更geng佳jia。
三、防治指標、藥劑與方法。當露地青椒單株煙青蟲見有卵塊或百株青椒有低齡(初孵至2齡期)幼蟲5頭,或當棚內查見卵塊或百株青椒有低齡(初孵至2齡期)幼蟲3頭時,即開始用藥防治煙青蟲:用20%毒氯乳油或4.5%高效氯氰菊酯液15毫升或52.25%農地樂15毫升,對水噴霧青椒植株嫩梢(主要心葉與嫩莖);當田間出現蛀果後,在上述藥劑中加入72%農用鏈黴素2000倍液混合使用,可對軟腐病起到較好防效。
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