近jin期qi氣qi候hou多duo變bian,蘋ping果guo苦ku痘dou病bing發fa生sheng日ri趨qu嚴yan重zhong,已yi成cheng為wei蘋ping果guo生sheng產chan的de主zhu要yao病bing害hai之zhi一yi,嚴yan重zhong影ying響xiang了le果guo品pin質zhi量liang的de提ti高gao和he效xiao益yi的de增zeng加jia。據ju筆bi者zhe調tiao查zha,不bu少shao果guo園yuan的de蘋ping果guo不bu論lun是shi單dan果guo重zhong量liang、單株產量,還是果型、果色都不錯,但就是由於有苦痘病,使果品質量大打折扣。
究(jiu)其(qi)發(fa)生(sheng)嚴(yan)重(zhong)的(de)主(zhu)要(yao)原(yuan)因(yin)是(shi)果(guo)農(nong)對(dui)該(gai)病(bing)發(fa)生(sheng)的(de)機(ji)理(li)不(bu)了(le)解(jie),許(xu)多(duo)果(guo)農(nong)誤(wu)認(ren)為(wei)病(bing)害(hai)是(shi)由(you)病(bing)菌(jun)侵(qin)染(ran)所(suo)致(zhi),常(chang)常(chang)采(cai)用(yong)各(ge)種(zhong)殺(sha)菌(jun)劑(ji)進(jin)行(xing)防(fang)治(zhi),結(jie)果(guo)收(shou)不(bu)到(dao)防(fang)治(zhi)效(xiao)果(guo)。
蘋果苦痘病屬於生理病害,絕非真菌、xijunhebingjunqinransuozhi。jishishizaizhuzangguochengzhongchuxianlefulanxianxiang,yeshizaikudoubingfashenghou,qitabingjuncaicongkudoubingbingbandezuzhihuaisichuzaiqinransuozhi。
苦痘病的發病原因一是果實中鈣元素含量不足;二是果實內氮、鈣比例失調;三是苦痘病的發病輕重還與葉與果中含鈣的比例有重要關係,即葉片中的含鈣量越高,果實中的含鈣量越低,發病越嚴重。
另外,不同品種發病輕重不同,國光、元帥、金冠、冰(bing)糖(tang)等(deng)品(pin)種(zhong)較(jiao)易(yi)感(gan)病(bing),富(fu)士(shi)係(xi)相(xiang)對(dui)較(jiao)輕(qing)。同(tong)一(yi)品(pin)種(zhong)采(cai)用(yong)不(bu)同(tong)砧(zhen)木(mu)嫁(jia)接(jie)發(fa)病(bing)輕(qing)重(zhong)也(ye)不(bu)同(tong),采(cai)用(yong)海(hai)棠(tang)嫁(jia)接(jie)的(de)砧(zhen)木(mu)發(fa)病(bing)輕(qing),采(cai)用(yong)山(shan)定(ding)子(zi)嫁(jia)接(jie)的(de)砧(zhen)木(mu)發(fa)病(bing)重(zhong)。同(tong)一(yi)品(pin)種(zhong)樹(shu)勢(shi)不(bu)同(tong)發(fa)病(bing)輕(qing)重(zhong)不(bu)同(tong),幼(you)樹(shu)、旺樹、葉片與果實含鈣比率高的發病重。結果少、果個大、果實中含鈣量低的發病重。土質肥沃、有機質含量高、碳/氮比高的果園發病輕。果實生長前期土壤幹旱、後期大水漫灌的果園發病重。後期多施速效氮肥的果園發病重。幼果期和采果期,雨量大而頻繁的發病重。
防fang治zhi苦ku痘dou病bing一yi是shi選xuan擇ze抗kang病bing性xing強qiang的de品pin種zhong和he砧zhen木mu。二er是shi盡jin量liang多duo施shi粗cu肥fei。追zhui肥fei時shi要yao做zuo到dao腐fu殖zhi酸suan肥fei與yu速su效xiao化hua肥fei搭da配pei使shi用yong,要yao適shi當dang增zeng加jia鈣gai肥fei的de用yong量liang。三san是shi提ti高gao澆jiao水shui技ji巧qiao。早zao春chun要yao注zhu意yi澆jiao水shui,杜du絕jue長chang時shi間jian幹gan旱han後hou再zai大da水shui漫man灌guan。後hou期qi雨yu水shui多duo時shi,要yao注zhu意yi排pai水shui和he鋤chu劃hua散san墒shang。進jin入ru成cheng熟shu期qi後hou,不bu能neng為wei了le果guo實shi膨peng大da而er大da量liang偏pian施shi速su效xiao氮dan肥fei。五wu是shi葉ye麵mian噴pen鈣gai。從cong花hua後hou開kai始shi,結jie合he病bing蟲chong害hai防fang治zhi,進jin行xing葉ye麵mian噴pen鈣gai,可ke選xuan用yong全quan水shui溶rong性xing高gao效xiao美mei林lin鈣gai。
手機版




