一是擠奶時坐的姿勢要端正,並采用正確的擠奶方式和方法,否則容易引起擠奶員的疲勞,特別是兩手臂的疲勞或使母牛乳頭拉長。
二是當母牛放奶後,擠奶動作速率要快,但開始1分鍾內因母牛排乳速率較慢,操作用力宜輕,節拍約80-120次/分鍾,待放奶旺盛時速率應加快,節拍達120-140次/分鍾,最後排乳少時速率又降為80-120次/分鍾。平均擠奶量不少於1.5-2千克/分鍾,整個擠奶過程不應超過6-12分鍾,因為催產素在血液中所起的作用僅能維持約2-3分fen鍾zhong,若ruo速su率lv不bu快kuai,一yi旦dan排pai乳ru作zuo用yong消xiao失shi,就jiu很hen難nan將jiang奶nai擠ji完wan,特te別bie是shi水shui牛niu很hen容rong易yi產chan生sheng排pai乳ru抑yi製zhi現xian象xiang,所suo以yi擠ji奶nai應ying迅xun速su,要yao一yi氣qi嗬he成cheng,一yi口kou氣qi擠ji完wan。
三是為了及時發現問題,每次擠奶應先將乳池內的一、二把乳擠在“檢奶杯”裏,以便及時發現輕微的乳房炎,及早治療。檢奶杯可用一般口徑10-12厘米的口盅,口盅斜麵固定一塊玻璃或固定一塊銅紗,當第一、二把奶擠到玻璃或銅紗上時,正常奶會很均勻地流去,如發現絮狀物,即說明乳質有變化,應做進一步檢查處理,同時第一、二把奶中細菌含量高,棄之不要可減少牛奶變質機會,有利於生產優質牛奶。
四是擠奶時間和擠奶員要相對固定,不能隨意更改擠奶時間、順序和變換擠奶員,以免破壞已建立好的條件反射。
五是擠奶環境安靜,擠奶時禁止喧嘩、嘈雜和特殊音響,勿讓陌生人站在擠奶母牛附近,以免引起母牛不安或受驚嚇,造成排乳抑製現象。
六是擠奶員要與牛培養感情,加強親和力,即要善待牛隻、態度溫和,禁止鞭打與恐嚇,以免養成惡癖,對初產母牛尤其更應如此。
qishichuchanmuniudetiaojiao,youyuchuchanmuniuhaibuxiguanjinai,rutoukuoyuejiyoujinzhang,jinaishiyoutonggan,wangwangyinqimuniufankang,yincitiaojiaoshiyidingyaoyounaixin,genjumuniunaitouchangduancaiyongbutongdefangshifangfajinai,yuanzeshangyaocongqingcongman,qiejiyongliguozhongguokuai,yimianyinqifankang。tiaojiaoshiqiangtiaorufanganmo,jianlitiaojianfanshe。duibufangnaidechuchanmuniu,bunengqingyifangguo,yidingyaoxiangbanfabanaijichulai,fouzejiangyingxiangzhongsheng。duibufangnaimuniuyishiyaoxixinzhaogu,duibuandemuniuyibianjinai,yibianranglingyigerencongpangbiangeimuniusaoyanghuogeimuniusiweicaoliao,lingmuniujinliangfangsong,bianyufangnai。ershijingnaixinxunlianrengbufangnaidemuniugeiyuzhusheshaoliangdecuichansu(5-10單位/次),強迫排乳,以適應擠奶習慣,但盡量少用,以免引起依賴。對反抗的母牛,即踢腿不安的母牛,最好不要拴腿(不得以除外),因拴牛腿使牛感到疼痛、gengjiabuan,gengbuyifangnai。yinci,zaimuniuyuchengjieduan,jiuyaoqiujinxingrufanganmohemonijinaixunlian,yurenjianliganqingjianshaotiaojiaojinaishidailaibubiyaodemafan。
bashiduiepiniudejinai,yixiemingandenaishuiniubuyuanjiejinren,huobuyuanrenpengta,dangjinaiyuanjinaishibiaoxianbuanhuotiren,zhezaishuiniujinaizhongshijingchangyudaodewenti,duidaizhezhongniudebanfashi,meitoushuinainiudouyaogudingjinaiyuanguanli,buyaochanghuanren,duiniuyaoyounaixin,jiejinshiyaoyongwenhedeshengyinyuniudazhaohu,huojinaiqiangeiniuxishua。jinaishifaxianmuniuyoubuliangjudongjiyingdangxianyonglishengzhizhi,ranhouyongwenhedeshengyinanfutahuopaipainiuti,huogeiniusaoyang,lingqianding,qiejibiandahuofangqi。geitirendeniujinaishi,jinaiyuandexigaiyaoduizheniudehouguangu,youshougongqikaozhemuniuhoudatuidepifu,danggandaoniudatuishaodongshijiukefangzhiniujiangnaitipo,kejiangnaijichubufenbiandaozaiyuxianzhunbeihaodelingyizhitongnei,zaijixujinai。zaibiyaoshikeyigeiniushuantui,shuandebuweiyingzaiguanjieyishang,zheyangkeyijianqingniudetongku,yedadaoburangniutishangrendexiaoguo,qieshuanniudeshengziyaocuxieruanxie,yifangshangniu。
jiushinainiuchengzhongheguolv,jiannainiuduimeitouniusuochandenaifenbiechengzhonghejilu,jilushihengliangmuniudeshengchanxingnengheyuzhongjiazhidezhongyaoyiju,shixuanpeihebuduantigaoniuqunzhiliangdebiyaoziliao,suoyibixurenzhenjilu。erguolvshiniunaiweishengdeyaoqiu,jinaishinanmianyouniumao、雜質等掉入奶中,采用幹淨多層紗布過濾牛奶以減少汙染,預防牛奶變質,並迅速將牛奶冷卻,保證質量。
十是擠奶員的保健與衛生,牛奶是食品,按照食品衛生管理要求,凡接觸食品工作人員必須要求身體健康,沒有傳染病。如患有結核、寄生蟲、痢疾、腸傷寒、ganyandengbingren,bunengdanrenjinaigongzuo,yimianwuranniunaihechuanranshuinainiu。jinaiyuanyaojinxingdingqishentijianzha,gongzuofuyaobaochiqingjie。jinaishiyaobaochishoudeqingjieyuganzao,buyaomoniuti。
手機版




