目mu前qian，食shi品pin微wei生sheng物wu檢jian驗yan技ji術shu還hai存cun在zai較jiao多duo不bu足zu之zhi處chu
，多duo種zhong食shi品pin微wei生sheng物wu無wu法fa根gen據ju相xiang關guan需xu求qiu進jin行xing檢jian驗yan
，從cong而er為wei食shi品pin微wei生sheng物wu檢jian驗yan工gong作zuo帶dai來lai一yi定ding難nan度du。雖sui然ran國guo家jia已yi對dui此ci類lei技ji術shu提ti出chu了le一yi定ding的de標biao準zhun，但dan在zai實shi際ji應ying用yong過guo程cheng中zhong，仍reng存cun在zai檢jian驗yan質zhi量liang問wen題ti，阻zu礙ai了le國guo家jia食shi品pin行xing業ye的de發fa展zhan。

1.食品汙染程度指標菌的檢驗

食品汙染程度指標菌的檢驗是食品微生物檢驗技術人員對大腸菌群類的細菌總群、大(da)腸(chang)菌(jun)群(qun)等(deng)進(jin)行(xing)檢(jian)驗(yan)

，在(zai)一(yi)定(ding)程(cheng)度(du)上(shang)評(ping)價(jia)出(chu)飲(yin)用(yong)水(shui)的(de)安(an)全(quan)性(xing)
，進(jin)而(er)達(da)到(dao)一(yi)定(ding)的(de)檢(jian)驗(yan)要(yao)求(qiu)。同(tong)時(shi)，微(wei)生(sheng)物(wu)檢(jian)驗(yan)人(ren)員(yuan)要(yao)注(zhu)意(yi)此(ci)類(lei)菌(jun)群(qun)在(zai)水(shui)與(yu)食(shi)品(pin)中(zhong)含(han)量(liang)標(biao)準(zhun)的(de)不(bu)同(tong)。

2.檢驗多種致病菌

檢jian驗yan多duo種zhong致zhi病bing菌jun是shi食shi品pin微wei生sheng物wu檢jian驗yan技ji術shu人ren員yuan必bi須xu要yao對dui食shi品pin中zhong的de金jin黃huang色se葡pu萄tao球qiu菌jun等deng進jin行xing檢jian驗yan，在zai此ci基ji礎chu上shang，食shi品pin微wei生sheng物wu檢jian驗yan人ren員yuan還hai要yao對dui其qi進jin行xing定ding量liang檢jian驗yan

，為wei其qi研yan究jiu奠dian定ding良liang好hao基ji礎chu。

食shi品pin中zhong所suo含han有you的de微wei生sheng物wu種zhong類lei較jiao多duo，其qi檢jian驗yan工gong作zuo環huan境jing複fu雜za，所suo以yi對dui采cai集ji樣yang品pin的de要yao求qiu較jiao高gao。在zai食shi品pin微wei生sheng物wu檢jian驗yan過guo程cheng中zhong，相xiang關guan檢jian驗yan人ren員yuan必bi須xu對dui其qi特te點dian進jin行xing分fen析xi，提ti高gao對dui采cai集ji樣yang品pin的de要yao求qiu。第di一yi
，檢jian驗yan人ren員yuan必bi須xu對dui食shi物wu中zhong含han有you的de病bing原yuan型xing微wei生sheng物wu進jin行xing檢jian驗yan，並bing且qie進jin行xing統tong計ji。第di二er，食shi品pin微wei生sheng物wu檢jian驗yan人ren員yuan要yao對dui微wei生sheng物wu進jin行xing定ding期qi檢jian查zha，避bi免mian食shi品pin中zhong出chu現xian工gong業ye微wei生sheng物wu。第di三san
，對dui可ke導dao致zhi人ren類lei中zhong毒du的de微wei生sheng物wu進jin行xing檢jian驗yan。第di四si，檢jian驗yan人ren員yuan對dui可ke使shi食shi品pin出chu現xian腐fu敗bai現xian象xiang的de微wei生sheng物wu進jin行xing檢jian驗yan。總zong之zhi
，食shi品pin微wei生sheng物wu檢jian驗yan人ren員yuan在zai執zhi行xing工gong作zuo期qi間jian，接jie觸chu的de微wei生sheng物wu種zhong類lei非fei常chang多duo，因yin此ci，相xiang關guan檢jian驗yan人ren員yuan必bi須xu對dui其qi加jia以yi重zhong視shi，保bao證zheng采cai集ji出chu有you利li於yu提ti高gao食shi品pin安an全quan性xing的de檢jian驗yan樣yang品pin。此ci外wai
，在zai食shi品pin微wei生sheng物wu檢jian驗yan時shi，檢jian驗yan人ren員yuan要yao注zhu意yi到dao食shi品pin中zhong微wei生sheng物wu檢jian驗yan與yu醫yi學xue微wei生sheng物wu檢jian驗yan的de區qu別bie
，這zhe體ti現xian出chu食shi品pin檢jian驗yan工gong作zuo具ju有you快kuai速su性xing的de特te點dian。

由於食品中所含的微生物較多，對其產生影響的因素也有很多
，為能提高其檢驗質量，必須要對以下幾點工作加以重視。

1.檢驗人員的專業素質

在(zai)食(shi)品(pin)微(wei)生(sheng)物(wu)檢(jian)驗(yan)期(qi)間(jian)，要(yao)提(ti)高(gao)檢(jian)驗(yan)人(ren)員(yuan)的(de)工(gong)作(zuo)質(zhi)量(liang)，就(jiu)不(bu)能(neng)單(dan)一(yi)地(di)憑(ping)借(jie)檢(jian)驗(yan)儀(yi)器(qi)執(zhi)行(xing)工(gong)作(zuo)，由(you)於(yu)整(zheng)個(ge)食(shi)品(pin)微(wei)生(sheng)物(wu)檢(jian)驗(yan)過(guo)程(cheng)中(zhong)

，都(dou)需(xu)檢(jian)驗(yan)人(ren)員(yuan)具(ju)有(you)良(liang)好(hao)的(de)分(fen)析(xi)能(neng)力(li)與(yu)判(pan)斷(duan)能(neng)力(li)，所(suo)以(yi)食(shi)品(pin)微(wei)生(sheng)物(wu)檢(jian)驗(yan)人(ren)員(yuan)要(yao)掌(zhang)握(wo)一(yi)定(ding)的(de)技(ji)術(shu)原(yuan)理(li)
，並(bing)嚴(yan)肅(su)對(dui)待(dai)檢(jian)驗(yan)工(gong)作(zuo)
，保(bao)證(zheng)提(ti)高(gao)工(gong)作(zuo)質(zhi)量(liang)。同(tong)時(shi)
，食(shi)品(pin)微(wei)生(sheng)物(wu)檢(jian)驗(yan)企(qi)業(ye)還(hai)要(yao)為(wei)工(gong)作(zuo)人(ren)員(yuan)提(ti)供(gong)定(ding)期(qi)的(de)培(pei)訓(xun)機(ji)會(hui)
，對(dui)檢(jian)驗(yan)人(ren)員(yuan)進(jin)行(xing)專(zhuan)業(ye)知(zhi)識(shi)培(pei)訓(xun)，使(shi)其(qi)掌(zhang)握(wo)先(xian)進(jin)的(de)檢(jian)驗(yan)知(zhi)識(shi)與(yu)檢(jian)驗(yan)技(ji)術(shu)。此(ci)外(wai)
，國(guo)家(jia)還(hai)要(yao)推(tui)行(xing)食(shi)品(pin)微(wei)生(sheng)物(wu)檢(jian)驗(yan)法(fa)律(lv)法(fa)規(gui)，要(yao)求(qiu)檢(jian)驗(yan)人(ren)員(yuan)在(zai)考(kao)取(qu)資(zi)格(ge)證(zheng)書(shu)後(hou)才(cai)能(neng)上(shang)崗(gang)工(gong)作(zuo)。

2.食品微生物檢驗環境

shipinweishengwujianyangongzuoshizaizhuanmendeshiyanshizhongjinxingde，bujinkebimianchuxianwuranxianxiang，hainengfangzhichuxianjianyanrenyuanganranbingyuanjundewenti。yinci，shipinweishengwujianyanbumenyaoduijianyanhuanjingjiayizhongshi。shouxian，yaokexue、合(he)理(li)地(di)對(dui)實(shi)驗(yan)室(shi)進(jin)行(xing)布(bu)局(ju)
，選(xuan)擇(ze)汙(wu)染(ran)程(cheng)度(du)低(di)的(de)區(qu)域(yu)
，並(bing)保(bao)證(zheng)不(bu)會(hui)對(dui)檢(jian)驗(yan)人(ren)員(yuan)的(de)安(an)全(quan)造(zao)成(cheng)威(wei)脅(xie)，如(ru)操(cao)作(zuo)區(qu)域(yu)與(yu)辦(ban)公(gong)區(qu)域(yu)要(yao)相(xiang)互(hu)分(fen)離(li)。其(qi)次(ci)，要(yao)對(dui)檢(jian)驗(yan)環(huan)境(jing)進(jin)行(xing)清(qing)潔(jie)與(yu)消(xiao)毒(du)

，檢(jian)驗(yan)工(gong)作(zuo)產(chan)生(sheng)的(de)廢(fei)棄(qi)物(wu)要(yao)統(tong)一(yi)處(chu)理(li)，避(bi)免(mian)出(chu)現(xian)病(bing)原(yuan)菌(jun)散(san)布(bu)現(xian)象(xiang)。

3.食品微生物的采樣工作

shipinweishengwujianyanzhongdecaiyanggongzuoshizuiweizhongyaode，xiangguanjianyanrenyuanbixuduiyixiajidianjiayizhongshi。shouxian，jianyanrenyuanyaozhongshicaiyanggongjuyurongqidexuanze
，yingxuanzenaixiaodumiejundecailiao
，shiqigenghaodiyingyongyushipinweishengwujianyanzuozhong
，jinertigaojianyanxiaolv。qici，zaishipinweishengwujianyangongzuoshishiqian，xiangguanjianyanrenyuanyaoduijianyangongjuyurongqijinxingqingximiejun，zaimiejunchulihou，yaocunchuzaiganzaodedifang，bimianzaochengbuliyingxiang。zuihou，zaimeijianjianyanyangpinfengkouhou
，shipinweishengwujianyanrenyuanyaozaiyangpinshangtiebiaoqian，bingzuohaojilu
，caiyangdeyangpinbukeshaoyuxuyaoyangpinshuliangde3倍，從而提高其檢驗效率。

4.食品微生物檢驗報告

食(shi)品(pin)微(wei)生(sheng)物(wu)檢(jian)驗(yan)人(ren)員(yuan)要(yao)重(zhong)視(shi)檢(jian)驗(yan)報(bao)告(gao)
，根(gen)據(ju)國(guo)家(jia)相(xiang)關(guan)標(biao)準(zhun)進(jin)行(xing)準(zhun)確(que)的(de)檢(jian)驗(yan)評(ping)估(gu)，在(zai)評(ping)估(gu)後(hou)
，為(wei)保(bao)證(zheng)檢(jian)驗(yan)報(bao)告(gao)質(zhi)量(liang)，相(xiang)關(guan)檢(jian)驗(yan)人(ren)員(yuan)還(hai)要(yao)對(dui)檢(jian)驗(yan)報(bao)告(gao)進(jin)行(xing)複(fu)查(zha)，為(wei)報(bao)告(gao)質(zhi)量(liang)的(de)提(ti)高(gao)提(ti)供(gong)有(you)力(li)支(zhi)持(chi)。

shipinweishengwujianyanrenyuanzaijinxingjianyangongzuodeguochengzhong，bixuduijianyanzhiliangjiayizhongshi，baozhengchuangxinzishenjianyanfangshi，kaifaxinxingjianyanjishu，shijianyanzhiliangxiangzhegenghaodefangxiangfazhan。