霜凍是指氣溫降到0℃以下且足以引起植物傷害甚至死亡的現象。在地麵溫度驟然降至0℃yixiaqiediyuxiaomaizaiyidingfayujieduansuonengchengshoudezuidiwendushi，xiaomaijiuhuichanshengdonghai。tebieshixiaomaibajiehou，kanghannenglijianruo
，yizaowanshuangdonghai。shouwanshuangdonghaidexiaomaicongzhizhuwaibuxingzhuangkanyoudeshijingbushoushanghai，youdeshiyepianbianhuangniuqu，yanzhongshizhizhukuweiqiesuibudeciruihexiongruishoudong

，jieshilvjiangdi。suoyiyaojiaqiangyuceyubao，zaishuangdonglailinqiancaiqufangyucuoshi。changjiandefangyufangfaruxia： 
 
一


、灌水
 
    灌水的水溫比霜凍發生時的土溫要高，有時高10℃yishang，yincishuangdongqianguanshuinenggeiturangbuchongdaliangdereliang。shuidererongliangbikongqiheturangdadeduo，bingqieturangshuifendedaorenenglijiaoqiang
，tianqituranbianlengshiturangxiacengdereliangnengxiangshangchuandi
，bimianwenduchuxianjijubianhua。guanshuihoujindicengkongqizhongshuiqizengduo，yulengshishuiqiningjiefangchudaliangdere
，yinciyoupenguantiaojiandediqukezaifashengshuangdongshipenshui
，tiaojietianjianxiaoqihou，fangzhixiaomaichuxiandonghai。jutiaozha，zaishuangdongfashengqianguanshuikeyishidiwentigao1℃～3℃
，葉麵溫度提高0.2℃～0.7℃，小麥所受的凍害顯著減輕。 
 
二、熏煙
 
    各地應用柴草熏煙防霜已有悠久的曆史。燃料不足的地區可以用ＣＨＮ化學發煙劑
，這種化學發煙劑是由硝酸銨

、youzhahejumosanzhongyuanliaozuchengdehunhewu。chaicaohuohuaxuefayanjiranshaoshibudanfangchureliang，shiqiwenshenggao
，erqiezaitianjianxingchengdeyanmuhaikexishoutaiyangdefushere，jianshaodimianderefushe，fangzhituranghezhizhudaliangshire。ciwai，shuiqizaiyanchenshangmianningjieshiyekeshifangdaliangdere，shiqiwentigao。xunyandeshijianyaozhangwohao
，bunengguozaoyebunengguowan，yibanyiyemianwendujiangdaobishuangdongzhibiaogao1℃時為宜。熏煙時要在同一時間點燃田間各個熏煙點的柴草或發煙劑，以提高效果。 
 
三、選用抗凍品種
 
    易發生霜凍的地區要選用和搭配種植拔節晚的耐凍品種。拔節較早的品種易受凍害
，拔節晚的品種抗寒力強
，晚霜來臨時凍害輕。 
 
四、加強栽培管理
 
    適時播種：早播種的起身拔節早，易受凍害。拔節前實行鎮壓能抑製地上部分旺長，促進根係發育，有減輕霜凍的作用。
 
    合理施肥：施氮肥過多的植株易旺長，易受凍害，多施磷肥和鉀肥可以增強植株的抗凍性，對防禦霜凍有明顯作用。
 
    此外，拔節期葉麵噴施矮壯素和多效唑溶液，能抑製植株旺長，降低株高，既能防倒也能防凍。