貝類營養豐富

，扇貝、牡蠣、花蛤等是深受群眾喜愛的水產品，也是沿海的重要養殖品種，但隨著社會和經濟的發展，含有鎘、鉛、汞(gong)等(deng)重(zhong)金(jin)屬(shu)的(de)產(chan)品(pin)被(bei)廣(guang)泛(fan)使(shi)用(yong)
，近(jin)海(hai)漁(yu)業(ye)環(huan)境(jing)中(zhong)的(de)重(zhong)金(jin)屬(shu)汙(wu)染(ran)問(wen)題(ti)引(yin)起(qi)廣(guang)泛(fan)的(de)重(zhong)視(shi)，重(zhong)金(jin)屬(shu)對(dui)水(shui)產(chan)品(pin)質(zhi)量(liang)的(de)影(ying)響(xiang)也(ye)受(shou)到(dao)越(yue)來(lai)越(yue)多(duo)的(de)關(guan)注(zhu)。

   鎘ge一yi般ban是shi通tong過guo大da氣qi沉chen降jiang和he陸lu源yuan汙wu染ran物wu的de排pai放fang等deng途tu徑jing入ru海hai，一yi部bu分fen溶rong於yu海hai水shui，另ling一yi部bu分fen呈cheng懸xuan浮fu狀zhuang態tai沉chen在zai海hai底di，其qi化hua合he物wu毒du性xing很hen大da
，蓄xu積ji性xing也ye很hen強qiang
，而er養yang殖zhi貝bei類lei的de棲qi息xi地di一yi般ban位wei於yu水shui底di汙wu泥ni
，最zui靠kao近jin陸lu源yuan排pai汙wu處chu，這zhe兩liang種zhong狀zhuang態tai的de鎘ge都dou能neng被bei貝bei類lei特te別bie是shi牡mu礪li、yibeidengsuofuji，qitineidegehanliangkebishuitinongdugaojishibeishenzhishangqianbei
，erqienanyidaixiepaichu
，tongguoshengwulianjinerweihairenti。gedechangqisheruhuizaochengmanxingduxing，chuxianxiongmen
、無力
、肝腫大、腎損傷，還會導致鈣代謝障礙和大腿劇痛等症狀，對人體產生極大的危害，因此中國、韓國、美國

、歐盟等國家都製定了一係列法規和衛生標準來控製貝類的鎘含量以維護消費者的身體監控和保證食品貿易的公正。

    近jin幾ji年nian來lai，通tong過guo對dui養yang殖zhi貝bei類lei重zhong金jin屬shu鎘ge的de殘can留liu監jian控kong，表biao明ming養yang殖zhi貝bei類lei鎘ge的de含han量liang呈cheng現xian逐zhu年nian上shang升sheng趨qu勢shi

，應ying引yin起qi政zheng府fu有you關guan職zhi能neng部bu門men的de重zhong視shi。為wei應ying對dui鎘ge汙wu染ran水shui平ping提ti高gao帶dai來lai的de健jian康kang和he貿mao易yi問wen題ti，必bi須xu首shou先xian解jie決jue陸lu地di汙wu染ran物wu的de達da標biao排pai放fang問wen題ti，以yi改gai善shan貝bei類lei養yang殖zhi區qu的de環huan境jing質zhi量liang，隻zhi有you保bao證zheng養yang殖zhi環huan境jing質zhi量liang，才cai能neng保bao證zheng貝bei類lei產chan品pin質zhi量liang達da到dao國guo家jia相xiang關guan質zhi量liang標biao準zhun。貝bei類lei養yang殖zhi區qu應ying布bu設she在zai與yu外wai海hai水shui交jiao換huan良liang好hao潮chao流liu通tong暢chang的de水shui域yu且qie要yao控kong製zhi養yang殖zhi規gui模mo和he養yang殖zhi密mi度du使shi其qi環huan境jing處chu於yu良liang好hao狀zhuang態tai以yi改gai善shan和he提ti高gao養yang殖zhi貝bei類lei質zhi量liang。在zai一yi些xie人ren口kou稠chou密mi地di區qu的de周zhou邊bian海hai域yu、陸源性排汙通道附近海域
、hangdaojihuanjingwuranjiaoweiyanzhongdehaiyubushihezuoweibeileiyangzhiqu。zhengfuyingjiehebeileiyangzhiquyudehuafenheyangzhixukezhengfafangjinxingshidangdeyangzhijiegoutiaozheng。qici
，yingjiaqiangduibeileiyangzhihaiqudejiankong，youyuyangzhibeileidezhilianghuisuizhehuanjingdegaibianerfashengbianhua
，richangjianguanzhongyaoguanzhuyangzhichangsuozaidijizhoubiandiqugongyefazhanqingkuang，bingyouzhenduixingdikaizhanyangzhibeileichandihuanjingdehaishuishuizhijiancejichanpinzhongzhongjinshujiance
，baozhengbeianyangzhichangyangzhishuizhianquanheyangzhibeileideshiyonganquan。zaici，youyubeileijuyoulvshixing,在衛生的水域中可以將體內的有害物質排出體外,利用這一特點對受汙染的養殖貝類可采取先淨化暫養處理,再進行加工和銷售,並以此建立市場準入製度。