供gong氮dan過guo多duo常chang常chang使shi作zuo物wu貪tan青qing晚wan熟shu。在zai某mou些xie無wu霜shuang期qi短duan的de地di區qu，作zuo物wu常chang因yin氮dan素su過guo多duo造zao成cheng生sheng長chang期qi延yan長chang，而er遭zao受shou早zao霜shuang的de嚴yan重zhong危wei害hai。氮dan素su過guo量liang常chang使shi細xi胞bao過guo大da
，細xi胞bao壁bi薄bo
，細xi胞bao多duo汁zhi
，植zhi株zhu柔rou軟ruan，易yi受shou機ji械xie損sun傷shang和he病bing菌jun侵qin襲xi，如ru水shui稻dao褐he斑ban病bing、小麥赤黴病、玉米葉枯病。過多的氮素還要消耗大量碳水化合物，影響作物的產品品質。

對dui於yu大da白bai菜cai和he某mou些xie水shui果guo來lai說shuo
，過guo量liang施shi氮dan則ze會hui降jiang低di其qi儲chu存cun和he運yun輸shu的de品pin質zhi。氮dan素su供gong應ying過guo多duo還hai會hui使shi穀gu類lei作zuo物wu葉ye片pian肥fei大da，相xiang互hu遮zhe蔭yin，碳tan水shui化hua合he物wu消xiao耗hao過guo多duo，莖jing稈gan柔rou弱ruo，容rong易yi倒dao伏fu而er導dao致zhi減jian產chan。棉mian花hua常chang因yin氮dan素su過guo多duo而er生sheng長chang不bu正zheng常chang，表biao現xian為wei株zhu型xing高gao大da，徒tu長chang
，蕾lei鈴ling稀xi少shao而er易yi脫tuo落luo
，霜shuang後hou花hua比bi例li增zeng加jia。甜tian菜cai塊kuai根gen的de產chan糖tang率lv會hui因yin含han氮dan量liang過guo高gao而er下xia降jiang。含han氮dan量liang高gao的de植zhi物wu具ju有you細xi胞bao多duo汁zhi的de特te點dian，這zhe對dui纖xian維wei作zuo物wu來lai說shuo是shi不bu利li的de。大da量liang施shi用yong氮dan肥fei還hai會hui提ti高gao作zuo物wu體ti內nei硝xiao酸suan鹽yan的de含han量liang，對dui人ren類lei健jian康kang產chan生sheng威wei脅xie。