防治方法:首先要增強樹勢,多施磷、鉀肥,並及時清除田間病葉,減少病源菌。發病初期及新梢帛發期,可噴灑65%多菌靈可濕性粉劑600倍液或50%多菌靈可濕性粉劑800—1000倍液,每隔10—15天,連續噴藥2—3次。
枇(pi)杷(pa)炭(tan)疽(ju)病(bing)。主(zhu)要(yao)為(wei)害(hai)果(guo)實(shi),貯(zhu)藏(zang)過(guo)程(cheng)中(zhong)如(ru)濕(shi)度(du)大(da)則(ze)發(fa)生(sheng)嚴(yan)重(zhong)。此(ci)病(bing)初(chu)期(qi)侵(qin)染(ran)果(guo)實(shi),病(bing)斑(ban)淺(qian)褐(he)色(se)小(xiao)圓(yuan)點(dian),水(shui)漬(zi)狀(zhuang),後(hou)期(qi)逐(zhu)漸(jian)變(bian)橢(tuo)圓(yuan)形(xing),深(shen)褐(he)色(se),病(bing)斑(ban)凹(ao)陷(xian),上(shang)長(chang)密(mi)生(sheng)淡(dan)紅(hong)色(se)小(xiao)點(dian),後(hou)變(bian)小(xiao)黑(hei)點(dian),呈(cheng)同(tong)心(xin)輪(lun)紋(wen)狀(zhuang)排(pai)列(lie),直(zhi)至(zhi)腐(fu)爛(lan)。病(bing)菌(jun)以(yi)菌(jun)絲(si)體(ti)在(zai)病(bing)果(guo)上(shang)越(yue)冬(dong),翌(yi)年(nian)春(chun)季(ji)產(chan)生(sheng)孢(bao)子(zi),靠(kao)風(feng)雨(yu)傳(chuan)播(bo)。果(guo)實(shi)成(cheng)熟(shu)期(qi)遇(yu)高(gao)溫(wen)多(duo)雨(yu)則(ze)為(wei)害(hai)嚴(yan)重(zhong)。
防治櫞杷炭病應加強栽培管理,在冬季修剪是摘除病果,並集中燒毀。發病安期噴灑1∶1∶200倍波爾多液,或80%大生可濕性粉劑400—600倍液,或70%代森錳鋅粉劑500倍液。每隔10—15天噴1次,連續噴2次以上。
枇杷葉斑病,該病表現三種類型。
1、灰斑病:在(zai)葉(ye)片(pian)上(shang)發(fa)病(bing),初(chu)期(qi)病(bing)斑(ban)淡(dan)褐(he)色(se),圓(yuan)形(xing),後(hou)變(bian)灰(hui)白(bai)色(se),病(bing)健(jian)部(bu)分(fen)界(jie)明(ming)顯(xian),有(you)較(jiao)狹(xia)窄(zhai)的(de)黑(hei)褐(he)色(se)環(huan)帶(dai),中(zhong)央(yang)灰(hui)白(bai)色(se)至(zhi)灰(hui)黃(huang)色(se)。果(guo)實(shi)受(shou)害(hai)後(hou)出(chu)現(xian)明(ming)顯(xian)凹(ao)陷(xian)的(de)圓(yuan)形(xing)紫(zi)褐(he)色(se)病(bing)斑(ban),上(shang)散(san)生(sheng)黑(hei)色(se)小(xiao)點(dian)。侵(qin)害(hai)葉(ye)片(pian)的(de)病(bing)斑(ban)有(you)急(ji)性(xing)型(xing)和(he)緩(huan)慢(man)型(xing)兩(liang)類(lei),急(ji)性(xing)型(xing)常(chang)引(yin)起(qi)葉(ye)片(pian)焦(jiao)枯(ku),落(luo)葉(ye)。侵(qin)害(hai)枝(zhi)幹(gan)的(de)閏(run)斑(ban)與(yu)枝(zhi)幹(gan)病(bing)相(xiang)似(si),有(you)流(liu)膠(jiao)型(xing)和(he)幹(gan)枯(ku)型(xing)兩(liang)類(lei)。灰(hui)斑(ban)病(bing)還(hai)能(neng)為(wei)害(hai)果(guo)實(shi)。
2、角斑病:在(zai)葉(ye)片(pian)上(shang)發(fa)病(bing)初(chu)期(qi)出(chu)現(xian)小(xiao)褐(he)點(dian),多(duo)呈(cheng)多(duo)角(jiao)形(xing),周(zhou)圍(wei)有(you)黃(huang)色(se)暈(yun)環(huan)。病(bing)斑(ban)以(yi)葉(ye)脈(mai)為(wei)界(jie),多(duo)愈(yu)合(he)成(cheng)大(da)病(bing)斑(ban),上(shang)長(chang)黑(hei)色(se)灰(hui)狀(zhuang)小(xiao)點(dian),即(ji)病(bing)菌(jun)的(de)分(fen)生(sheng)孢(bao)子(zi)梗(geng)和(he)分(fen)生(sheng)孢(bao)子(zi)。
3、斑點病:在zai葉ye片pian上shang發fa病bing,初chu期qi出chu現xian赤chi褐he色se小xiao點dian,後hou逐zhu漸jian擴kuo大da形xing成cheng中zhong央yang灰hui黃huang色se,外wai緣yuan赤chi褐he色se的de圓yuan形xing病bing斑ban,後hou期qi病bing斑ban上shang長chang出chu小xiao黑hei點dian,即ji分fen生sheng孢bao子zi器qi,有you時shi排pai列lie成cheng輪lun枝zhi狀zhuang,多duo數shu愈yu合he成cheng不bu規gui則ze形xing。
以yi上shang三san種zhong葉ye部bu病bing害hai全quan年nian都dou有you發fa生sheng。病bing菌jun在zai被bei害hai葉ye片pian上shang越yue冬dong,次ci年nian春chun季ji借jie風feng雨yu傳chuan播bo侵qin染ran。角jiao斑ban病bing和he灰hui斑ban病bing在zai幹gan旱han條tiao件jian下xia發fa病bing嚴yan重zhong,斑ban點dian病bing在zai多duo雨yu季ji節jie發fa病bing流liu行xing。開kai溝gou排pai水shui,夏xia季ji抗kang旱han等deng栽zai培pei管guan理li工gong作zuo,在zai發fa病bing初chu期qi噴pen灑sa1∶1∶200倍波爾多液或60%代森鋅可濕性粉劑600倍液,或70%甲基托布津可濕性粉劑600—800倍液,或50%多菌靈可濕性粉劑800—1000倍液,每隔10—15天,連續噴藥2—3次。
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