一、栽植地點的選擇。貼梗海棠原產於我國陝西、甘肅、四川、yunguidengdi,xiwennuanpahanleng。yinci,zaihuabeidiquzaipeitiegenghaitangzuihaoxuanzebeifengxiangyangdedifang。tiegenghaitangpajishui,zaidiwachuduoshengchangbuliang,jiyihuangye、落葉,所以貼梗海棠應種植於地勢較高的地方,在草坪中種植也應適當抬高地勢並避免大水漫灌;貼梗海棠對土壤要求不嚴,在壤土、qingniantuzhongjunnengzhengchangshengchang,danyizaifeiwoqietongtouxinghaodeshazhirangtuzhongshengchangzuihao,tiegenghaitangyouyidingdenaiyanjianli,bizhedanweichuyuhuabeipingyuandeyanjiandiqu,zaipH值8.8,含鹽量0.2%的鹽堿土中種植貼梗海棠均生長旺盛,未見不良反應。
二、shuifeiguanli。tiegenghaitangsuiranpajishui,danhaishibijiaoxihuanshirunhuanjingde,gucibukeyinqipajishuiergeiqishaojiaoshuihuobujiaoshui,yinweiqueshuiyehuiyingxiangqizhengchangshengchang,qingzheyexiao、落葉、weinian,zhongzhezhengzhusiwang。namezenyanggeitiegenghaitangjiaoshuine?bizhejingduonianshijian,zongjiechuyixiajitiaojingyan。diyi,meiniandefangdongshuihefanqingshuibibukeque,zheliangcijiaoshuibixushishishiliang,suowei“適時”就是防凍水要在11月中旬到12月初前澆完,返青水必須在3月初澆,所謂“適量”是必須澆足澆透,此外,在花後的4月中旬再澆一次透水也是非常有必要的,即農諺所說“花後水賽參湯”。其(qi)餘(yu)時(shi)間(jian)則(ze)應(ying)根(gen)據(ju)土(tu)壤(rang)墒(shang)情(qing)來(lai)掌(zhang)握(wo)澆(jiao)水(shui)次(ci)數(shu)和(he)澆(jiao)水(shui)量(liang),一(yi)般(ban)來(lai)說(shuo)在(zai)夏(xia)季(ji)多(duo)雨(yu)時(shi)節(jie)應(ying)控(kong)製(zhi)澆(jiao)水(shui),如(ru)雨(yu)水(shui)過(guo)多(duo)還(hai)應(ying)注(zhu)意(yi)排(pai)水(shui),防(fang)止(zhi)水(shui)大(da)爛(lan)根(gen),但(dan)在(zai)高(gao)溫(wen)少(shao)雨(yu)時(shi)節(jie),及(ji)時(shi)補(bu)水(shui)是(shi)必(bi)要(yao)的(de)。還(hai)要(yao)注(zhu)意(yi)的(de)一(yi)點(dian)是(shi),在(zai)入(ru)秋(qiu)後(hou)要(yao)控(kong)製(zhi)澆(jiao)水(shui),防(fang)止(zhi)秋(qiu)發(fa),使(shi)新(xin)生(sheng)枝(zhi)條(tiao)在(zai)越(yue)冬(dong)時(shi)遭(zao)受(shou)凍(dong)害(hai)。
tiegenghaitangxifei,yibanyiniankeshiyongsancifei,yishichunjidehuahoufei,zhecifeiyidanfeiweizhu,ketongshishiruyixiejingfushufajiaodeniumafenhuojifen,zhecifeikeyouxiaobuchongkaihuasuoxiaohaodeyangfen,shidezhizhushengchangwangsheng,changshilianghao;二是在七八月,其花芽分化期間,施用一些磷鉀複合肥,此時施肥,可以促進花芽分化,增加著花數量;三是在入冬前結合澆冬水施用一些基肥,這次肥施用芝麻醬渣最好,不僅肥力持久而且還可以有效增強樹勢,提高來年的開花質量。
三、xiujianhefanzhi。zaihuabeidiqu,tiegenghaitangdeshuxingchangjianweiguancongxing。lixiangdeguancongxingyingdangbaochineigaowaidi,neishuwaimidezhuangtai。neigaowaidibujinmeiguandafang,erqiehaikeshisuoyouzhitiaodounengjunyunjieshouguangzhao,neishuwaimikeyizengjiaguancongdetongtouxing,shizhizhujiankangchengchang,buzhizaochengwofeng。zaizhangwoleyishanglianggeyuanzedejichushang,xiujianshihaiyingzhuyiyixiajidian。diyi,yaozaixiujianshijiangguomizhi、病蟲枝、交jiao叉cha枝zhi疏shu除chu掉diao。第di二er,要yao注zhu意yi開kai花hua枝zhi的de更geng新xin,在zai實shi際ji工gong作zuo中zhong,存cun在zai一yi些xie錯cuo誤wu傾qing向xiang,一yi種zhong是shi認ren為wei貼tie梗geng海hai棠tang是shi老lao枝zhi開kai花hua,對dui所suo有you新xin生sheng枝zhi條tiao都dou應ying予yu以yi疏shu除chu。貼tie梗geng海hai棠tang老lao枝zhi開kai花hua是shi正zheng確que的de,但dan一yi味wei將jiang新xin生sheng枝zhi條tiao疏shu除chu的de做zuo法fa就jiu不bu對dui了le,因yin為wei每mei種zhong植zhi物wu都dou是shi有you壽shou命ming的de,而er貼tie梗geng海hai棠tang的de開kai花hua枝zhi也ye不bu是shi越yue老lao越yue好hao,而er是shi3至5齡ling的de枝zhi條tiao開kai花hua量liang最zui多duo。因yin此ci,不bu能neng一yi味wei保bao留liu老lao枝zhi,疏shu除chu新xin枝zhi。正zheng確que的de方fang法fa是shi逐zhu年nian更geng新xin開kai花hua枝zhi,使shi植zhi株zhu始shi終zhong保bao持chi盛sheng花hua狀zhuang態tai,更geng新xin開kai花hua枝zhi一yi般ban一yi年nian2至3枝zhi,多duo餘yu的de新xin生sheng枝zhi條tiao可ke以yi疏shu除chu。另ling一yi種zhong做zuo法fa是shi對dui新xin生sheng枝zhi條tiao不bu管guan不bu問wen,放fang任ren其qi自zi然ran生sheng長chang,這zhe麼me做zuo極ji易yi擾rao亂luan樹shu形xing,使shi枝zhi條tiao細xi而er密mi,不bu僅jin不bu能neng通tong風feng透tou光guang,還hai常chang會hui造zao成cheng病bing蟲chong害hai泛fan濫lan,對dui開kai花hua質zhi量liang也ye影ying響xiang極ji大da。
tiegenghaitangdefanzhikecaiyongqiancha,fenzhudengfangfa,danyiqianchazuiweichangyong,yicikehuodedaliangyoumiao。qianchazuichangyongdeshiyingzhiqiancha。yingzhiqianchayizaochunjiaohao,xuanquyinianshengjianzhuangzhitiao,cuduzai0.5至1厘米之間,剪成12厘米左右長的插穗,整好圃地並經消毒後,進行扡插,株行距為20×30厘米,扡插完畢後馬上澆一次透水,並覆膜保溫,此後還要長期保持膜內土壤濕潤,並經常打開覆膜進行通風,40天左右即可生根,秋後可以移栽。
四、病蟲害防治。貼梗海棠鏽病是貼梗海棠的一種常見病和多發病,發病嚴重時可導致植株死亡,如有發生可用50%退菌特可濕性顆粒800倍液進行噴施,每隔10天噴1次,連續噴3至4次可有效控製住病情。另外還需注意的是,檜柏、龍柏等樹種是貼梗海棠鏽病的轉寄主,故在種植時應避免與這些樹相鄰。貼梗海棠的常見蟲害有介殼蟲、蚜蟲、紅蜘蛛、黃刺蛾等,在日常養護中應加強水肥管理,增強通風透光,如有發生可用速介殺殺滅介殼蟲,用鏟蚜殺滅蚜蟲,用敵敵畏噴殺黃刺蛾。
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