隨著玉米產量水平的提高，關鍵生育期要求土壤有效鉀的供應相應增加。許多玉米長期定位試驗的結果證明，當產量增加10%～20%時，吸鉀量也出現了相應增加。適當提高玉米組織的含鉀量才能保持穩定的高產。在北方春播玉米區盡管土壤速效鉀含量處於較高水平（如70～130毫克/公斤）
，施shi用yong鉀jia肥fei仍reng有you增zeng產chan效xiao果guo。特te別bie是shi一yi些xie速su效xiao鉀jia含han量liang中zhong等deng，緩huan效xiao鉀jia的de容rong量liang也ye不bu大da的de土tu壤rang，就jiu要yao考kao慮lv高gao產chan田tian增zeng施shi鉀jia肥fei。因yin此ci在zai以yi產chan量liang目mu標biao作zuo為wei推tui薦jian施shi鉀jia的de主zhu要yao依yi據ju時shi，注zhu意yi對dui有you效xiao鉀jia含han量liang較jiao低di的de土tu壤rang增zeng施shi鉀jia肥fei是shi保bao證zheng高gao產chan的de必bi要yao措cuo施shi。還hai要yao注zhu意yi一yi些xie土tu壤rang有you效xiao鉀jia水shui平ping即ji使shi中zhong等deng時shi
，增zeng施shi適shi量liang鉀jia肥fei也ye有you良liang好hao的de效xiao果guo。

zengjiazhongzhimiduduixujialiangdeyingxiang。dangqianzajiaoyumigaochanzaipeizhongchangchangtongguozengjiamiduershichanliangdedaodafudutigao，yucitongshigaomiduzhizhuduinongtiandexijialiangyemingxiantigao。suoyizaimiduzengjiashi，rubuxiangyingzengshijiafeihuotigaoturangjiadeyouxiaoxing
，zezuowuyinxijiananyibaozheng，chanliangkenengxiajianghuodabudaolixiangshuiping。danshizengshijiafei5~6公斤/muhou，chanliangbujiangfaneryousuotigao，youqizaiyouxiaojiahanliangbugaobingyouguangaitiaojiandeyumidikuai。suoyizaiduiyumituijianshifeishi，weileshiyingjiaogaodemiduhechanliangshuiping，shijialiangyaobichangguiliangshidangtigao。

密植高產玉米栽培中協調鉀肥和氮肥的平衡供應很關鍵。通常情況下，為了實現高產目標而偏多施氮，由此加重了植株對病蟲害如莖腐、根腐、青枯病等的感染率。如果不相應增加鉀肥供應，會形成氮鉀失調的症狀。缺鉀首先減弱了玉米莖、葉(ye)的(de)抗(kang)折(zhe)強(qiang)度(du)和(he)表(biao)皮(pi)厚(hou)度(du)
，既(ji)加(jia)重(zhong)了(le)倒(dao)伏(fu)的(de)可(ke)能(neng)性(xing)，又(you)提(ti)高(gao)了(le)玉(yu)米(mi)對(dui)蟲(chong)害(hai)和(he)病(bing)害(hai)的(de)敏(min)感(gan)性(xing)。眾(zhong)所(suo)周(zhou)知(zhi)，在(zai)營(ying)養(yang)元(yuan)素(su)中(zhong)氮(dan)和(he)鉀(jia)對(dui)玉(yu)米(mi)抗(kang)病(bing)性(xing)的(de)影(ying)響(xiang)都(dou)大(da)，但(dan)二(er)者(zhe)的(de)作(zuo)用(yong)方(fang)向(xiang)不(bu)同(tong)，氮(dan)偏(pian)多(duo)往(wang)往(wang)會(hui)增(zeng)加(jia)玉(yu)米(mi)對(dui)病(bing)害(hai)的(de)敏(min)感(gan)性(xing)，而(er)鉀(jia)的(de)作(zuo)用(yong)則(ze)相(xiang)反(fan)
，可(ke)以(yi)增(zeng)加(jia)作(zuo)物(wu)的(de)抗(kang)病(bing)性(xing)。

田間缺鉀診斷與追肥補救措施：chunyumijinrubajiejieduan，congxiaolabakoudaodalabakoudeshengyushiqishitakuaisushengchangshiqi，duidanlinjiayaosudexuqiudouyousuozengchang
，tongchangzaishijishengchanzhongxiguanyuzhizhuishidanfeierbuzhuyizhuishijiafei。danshizaichunyumigaochanmizhizaipeizhong，daodixubuxuyaozhuifei

，zhiyaoguanchayixiazhizhushengchangzhuangkuang，jiukeyidedaohuida。najiushijingchangzaishangwujiushidiandeshihoupaodaoyumidikan，youqiguafengdetianqigengyaokan
，ruguokandaochunyumideyepianzaishangwujiudanianle
，najiushiquejiale。yinweiduiyuyibanbujixuguangaidenongtian，zhengchangjianzhuangdeyumizhizhu，shangwubuhuichuxianyepiandanianxianxiangde，daozhongwuhouchuxiandanianxianxiangcaishizhengchangde。yinweijiakeyiyingxiangyepianqikongdeguanbihezengjiazhizhubaoshuigongneng。quejiashiqikongzulida，bunengzhengchangguanbi，daozhiyumitineishuifensunshiyanzhongerchuxiandanianxianxiang。zheshibixuzhuishijiafeijiayibujiu。zuikexingdecuoshijiushizhuishilvhuajia5～8公斤/畝，溝施或穴施後
，覆土即可。