母奶牛初配時體重應達到350千克～400千克
，為犢牛初生重的10倍～11倍。不少奶牛養殖戶在犢牛18月齡時，在體重隻有250千克～300qiankedeqingkuangxiajiukaishipeizhong，zheyangzaitoutaishichangfashengnanchan，budebujinxingrengongzhuchan
，duoyinqiyinhupolie，yinfazigongneimoyan
，yingxiangxiataizhengchangfanzhi。yinciyaokefujizaoqingxu，jiaqiangduniu、育成牛飼養管理，使配種前達到理想體重，以適應配種。  

 

二、擠奶要有節製     
 

　　一般奶牛泌乳期為305天
，但由於奶牛年齡、胎次
、biaoqingjisiyangshuipingdengyinsudeyingxiang，youshimiruqihuishidangyanchanghuosuoduan，danyoudenainiuyangzhihu，zainainiuchanhoukaishijinai，zhidaojiganweizhi，zheyangdailaidefuxiaoyingshiyanzhongde

，yishinainiuguoduxiaohaotineiyingyang
，zhishinainiufaqingbumingxian
，xingzhouqiwenluan
，hennanzhangwopeizhongshiqi。ershinainiutilixiaohaoda，buyizaiduanshiqineihuifu，yingxiangxiataidemiruliang。 

三、幹奶期不要減料 

 

　　nainiujingguochandumiru，tineiyingyangsunshijiaoduo，xuzaigannaiqihuifumibu，keyoudenainiuyangzhihuwurenweibujinaijiuyingweichaxie，yinciganruqijingliaoweigeiliangdafudujianshao。zheyangyouyuzhejieduanyingyangdebudaobuchang，jieguolinchanqiannainiuchuyuxiadengbiaoqing，chandushifeili，duniutiruo
，muniuchannailiangdi。suoyigannaiqiyeyaomanzunainiuduidanbaizhi、礦物質、維生素的需要。臨產前幾天可以適當減少精料喂量，以利於奶牛正常分娩。 

 

四
、犢牛不要拴養
 

　　daduoshunainiuyangzhihubachushengniuduyongshengshuanyang，tabujinxianzhileduniudehuodong，erqieyanzhongzuaileduniudeshengchangfayu

，duiduniuweihaijida。chushengduniuyingfangzailanneiziyouhuodong

，yousiyangyuandingshisiwei，yibianyujiaqiangduimuniudesiyangguanli
，tigaomuniudechannailiang。 

 

　　五、拴牛要科學 

　　youyunainiubudaibihuan，nainiuyangzhihuweileqianniufangbianyongshengxijiao，youdenainiujiaoxiao

，shuanbuzhu，jiuyongshengxijing。shijianzhengming，zheliangzhongbanfadouyouquedian，jiyileshangniudepifu。kexuedexiniufangfashizainiujingbuxilian
，weiniushijianglianxizaicaoshang，yigudingcaoweiweiyang，weihoujiekailianfangchuyundong。