據ju了le解jie
，銅tong製zhi劑ji在zai水shui稻dao上shang使shi用yong不bu當dang，容rong易yi造zao成cheng藥yao害hai，特te別bie是shi在zai水shui稻dao抽chou穗sui期qi，剛gang抽chou出chu的de穗sui子zi很hen嫩nen

，噴pen藥yao後hou稻dao粒li穎ying殼ke上shang會hui出chu現xian褐he斑ban，揚yang花hua期qi使shi用yong還hai可ke能neng造zao成cheng結jie實shi率lv下xia降jiang。但dan不bu同tong的de銅tong製zhi劑ji對dui作zuo物wu的de安an全quan性xing有you較jiao大da差cha異yi。

銅製劑有無機銅製劑和有機銅製劑之分。其中無機銅製劑品種較多
，有效成分為氫氧化銅的有可殺得、銅大師（86.2%氧化亞銅可濕性粉劑）、冠菌清（57.6%氫氧化銅幹粒劑）等；有效成份為堿式硫酸銅的有銅高尚（27.12%堿式硫酸銅懸浮劑）和傳統的波爾多液等。有機銅製劑有龍克菌等。

銅製劑靠釋放出銅離子與真菌體內蛋白質中的-SH、-NH2
、-COOH
、-OH等(deng)基(ji)團(tuan)起(qi)作(zuo)用(yong)
，導(dao)致(zhi)病(bing)菌(jun)死(si)亡(wang)。銅(tong)離(li)子(zi)的(de)含(han)量(liang)和(he)釋(shi)放(fang)能(neng)力(li)是(shi)決(jue)定(ding)銅(tong)製(zhi)劑(ji)殺(sha)菌(jun)防(fang)病(bing)效(xiao)果(guo)的(de)主(zhu)要(yao)因(yin)素(su)
，同(tong)時(shi)也(ye)是(shi)決(jue)定(ding)其(qi)對(dui)作(zuo)物(wu)安(an)全(quan)性(xing)高(gao)低(di)的(de)重(zhong)要(yao)因(yin)素(su)。

在(zai)波(bo)爾(er)多(duo)液(ye)中(zhong)
，銅(tong)離(li)子(zi)呈(cheng)絡(luo)合(he)狀(zhuang)態(tai)，噴(pen)到(dao)作(zuo)物(wu)表(biao)麵(mian)後(hou)對(dui)作(zuo)物(wu)比(bi)較(jiao)安(an)全(quan)，藥(yao)劑(ji)殘(can)留(liu)時(shi)間(jian)長(chang)，當(dang)植(zhi)物(wu)體(ti)表(biao)麵(mian)有(you)水(shui)珠(zhu)時(shi)，藥(yao)斑(ban)會(hui)不(bu)斷(duan)釋(shi)放(fang)出(chu)銅(tong)離(li)子(zi)，發(fa)揮(hui)殺(sha)菌(jun)作(zuo)用(yong)。但(dan)在(zai)夏(xia)秋(qiu)季(ji)高(gao)溫(wen)多(duo)雨(yu)的(de)情(qing)況(kuang)下(xia)，尤(you)其(qi)是(shi)連(lian)續(xu)降(jiang)雨(yu)時(shi)間(jian)過(guo)長(chang)時(shi)，使(shi)用(yong)銅(tong)製(zhi)劑(ji)容(rong)易(yi)發(fa)生(sheng)藥(yao)害(hai)。在(zai)這(zhe)樣(yang)的(de)天(tian)氣(qi)條(tiao)件(jian)下(xia)，葉(ye)片(pian)和(he)果(guo)實(shi)上(shang)的(de)水(shui)珠(zhu)保(bao)持(chi)時(shi)間(jian)很(hen)長(chang)
，而(er)且(qie)水(shui)珠(zhu)中(zhong)可(ke)以(yi)溶(rong)解(jie)較(jiao)多(duo)的(de)二(er)氧(yang)化(hua)碳(tan)，促(cu)進(jin)藥(yao)斑(ban)中(zhong)銅(tong)離(li)子(zi)的(de)釋(shi)放(fang)，當(dang)銅(tong)離(li)子(zi)濃(nong)度(du)超(chao)過(guo)一(yi)定(ding)量(liang)時(shi)，作(zuo)物(wu)即(ji)會(hui)受(shou)到(dao)傷(shang)害(hai)。這(zhe)種(zhong)現(xian)象(xiang)，通(tong)常(chang)被(bei)稱(cheng)為(wei)銅(tong)製(zhi)劑(ji)的(de)風(feng)雨(yu)藥(yao)害(hai)。銅(tong)製(zhi)劑(ji)風(feng)雨(yu)藥(yao)害(hai)的(de)發(fa)生(sheng)有(you)一(yi)定(ding)規(gui)律(lv)。噴(pen)灑(sa)波(bo)爾(er)多(duo)液(ye)後(hou)15-20天內，其他銅製劑在噴霧後10tiannei，ruguoyudaolianyinyutianqijiuhenrongyifashengyaohai。xiangduilaishuo，qingyanghuatongzhijitonglizishifangsudujiaokuai，gengrongyiduizuowuchanshengyaohai。youjitongzhijitonglizishifangsudujiaoman，duizuowuanquanxinghaoxie。

shifourongyiduizuowuchanshengyaohai，haiyutongzhijideyaowukelidaxiaoyouhendaguanxi。yaowukelixiao，penwushiyaohouyaowunenggengjunyundifenbudaozuowubiaomian
，bujinbaohuxiaoguohao，erqieyouyuzuowubiaomiandanweimianjineideyaowuchengfenjiaoshao，shifangchudetonglizibuzuyiduizuowuchanshengyaohai。yaowukelida
，penwushiyaohoubujinfangzhixiaoguojiaocha，erqierongyiduizuowuchanshengyaohai。julejie，tonggaoshangdeyaowukelijixiao，penwushiyaohoubujinfangbingxiaoguohao，erqiejishizaishuidaodengzuowuchousuiqishiyongyeburongyiduizuowuchanshengyaohai。

銅tong製zhi劑ji與yu其qi他ta藥yao劑ji混hun用yong不bu當dang，也ye容rong易yi產chan生sheng藥yao害hai。銅tong製zhi劑ji與yu二er硫liu代dai氨an基ji甲jia酸suan鹽yan類lei殺sha菌jun劑ji混hun用yong
，容rong易yi產chan生sheng藥yao害hai。氫qing氧yang化hua銅tong與yu春chun雷lei黴mei素su的de混hun劑ji，蘋ping果guo
、葡萄、大豆和藕等作物的嫩葉對它敏感
，施藥時一定要注意濃度，並在下午4點以後噴藥。