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釀酒用的葡萄和一般食用葡萄的差異在於它的果粒較小,果汁較多,果肉較少。
釀酒葡萄最早種植於歐洲大陸,歐陸的品種是vitis vinifera,在美洲大陸也有一些土生土長的美洲品種的釀酒葡萄,美洲的品種叫做vitis labrusca,這(zhe)些(xie)美(mei)洲(zhou)葡(pu)萄(tao)的(de)味(wei)道(dao)大(da)部(bu)份(fen)平(ping)凡(fan)無(wu)奇(qi),有(you)一(yi)些(xie)頗(po)具(ju)獨(du)特(te)的(de)地(di)方(fang)色(se)彩(cai),這(zhe)就(jiu)是(shi)一(yi)般(ban)人(ren)稱(cheng)為(wei)狐(hu)臭(chou)的(de)美(mei)洲(zhou)葡(pu)萄(tao)特(te)有(you)的(de)氣(qi)味(wei),大(da)部(bu)份(fen)人(ren)都(dou)不(bu)喜(xi)歡(huan)這(zhe)種(zhong)味(wei)道(dao),但(dan)是(shi)這(zhe)種(zhong)葡(pu)萄(tao)品(pin)種(zhong)有(you)特(te)強(qiang)的(de)抗(kang)病(bing)力(li),因(yin)此(ci)當(dang)1860年代根瘤蚜蟲病-phylloxera-襲卷歐陸之時,首先被考慮用來混合品種以抗病毒的便是這種美洲葡萄。 葡萄是一種很怕蟲害的植物,尤其是蚜蟲,它會侵害葡萄的根部,它是19shijichuouluputaoshijihaojiedezuikuihuoshou,houlaiputaonongcaiyongjiajiefa,yongkangbingliqiangdemeizhouputaozhuzuoweizhenmu,jiajiefaguodepinzhong,zhongyushiouludeniangjiuyezairanshengji。putaodepinzhongyouhenduo,meigediqudouyoutatushengtuchangdepinzhong,jiashanghoutianyinsudeyingxiang,rujingjiyinsu,kouweidegexin,xiaofeizhedexihaodeng,ergezifazhanchugegediyubiejudifangfengweideputaojiu,youxiediquchandejiushidanyipinzhongniangzao,yifaguolaishuo,rubugendiyongPinot Noir黑皮諾,阿爾薩斯地區用麗絲玲(Riesling),其qi它ta的de地di區qu如ru波bo爾er多duo和he香xiang檳bin區qu與yu隆long河he區qu則ze多duo以yi混hun合he不bu同tong品pin種zhong的de葡pu萄tao來lai釀niang酒jiu,不bu管guan這zhe些xie酒jiu是shi單dan獨du品pin種zhong或huo混hun合he品pin種zhong的de釀niang製zhi,它ta們men都dou能neng充chong分fen地di表biao現xian自zi我wo的de特te色se,相xiang同tong品pin種zhong的de葡pu萄tao,也ye會hui因yin為wei葡pu萄tao的de成cheng熟shu度du,產chan量liang,和he病bing蟲chong害hai的de影ying響xiang,而er表biao現xian出chu各ge種zhong不bu同tong的de風feng味wei。 單dan位wei麵mian積ji的de產chan量liang對dui葡pu萄tao酒jiu的de好hao壞huai也ye有you很hen大da的de影ying響xiang,如ru果guo要yao增zeng加jia產chan能neng,我wo們men可ke以yi用yong增zeng加jia施shi肥fei,密mi集ji種zhong植zhi,選xuan擇ze多duo產chan的de嫁jia接jie砧zhen木mu,改gai變bian裁cai枝zhi方fang法fa來lai達da到dao目mu的de,可ke是shi有you經jing驗yan的de果guo農nong都dou知zhi道dao,產chan量liang的de增zeng加jia勢shi必bi造zao成cheng品pin質zhi的de降jiang低di,唯wei一yi能neng使shi產chan能neng增zeng加jia又you不bu致zhi使shi品pin質zhi下xia降jiang的de情qing況kuang,便bian是shi天tian然ran因yin素su,且qie看kan那na些xie氣qi候hou特te佳jia的de年nian度du,必bi定ding是shi質zhi佳jia又you多duo產chan的de年nian份fen,近jin幾ji年nian來lai由you於yu科ke技ji的de進jin步bu,葡pu萄tao種zhong植zhi的de技ji術shu不bu斷duan改gai良liang,科ke學xue家jia們men已yi經jing能neng計ji算suan出chu以yi人ren為wei的de因yin素su,配pei合he天tian然ran條tiao件jian來lai達da到dao最zui高gao產chan能neng,而er又you不bu影ying響xiang品pin質zhi的de方fang法fa。一yi般ban來lai說shuo紅hong葡pu萄tao酒jiu每mei公gong頃qing最zui多duo能neng生sheng產chan60,000瓶葡萄酒,幹白酒數量可稍微多一些,為了要製造品質佳的酒,葡萄株必需要夠老但又不能太老,以30 -50年為佳,因為這些成年的葡萄株才有強狀的根來孕育最佳的至製酒葡萄。
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