人類活動的周圍，充滿著空氣
，雖然空氣無色、無味，人眼看不見摸不著，實際上地球周圍的這個空間並不是空的
，空氣並非是“虛無”dedongxi，taheyiqiewutiyiyang，zhanyoukongjian，yeyouzhongliang。tongshitabushidanyidewuzhi
，ershiyougezhongqitizuchengdehunhewu。zherenleishengcundehuanjingbeichengweidaqi，juyoudeyalichengweidaqiyali。daqiyaliyinhaibagaodujiqixiangtiaojiandengdebutongjuyoubutongdeshuzhi。suowei“真空”，是(shi)指(zhi)壓(ya)力(li)比(bi)大(da)氣(qi)壓(ya)力(li)低(di)的(de)空(kong)間(jian)狀(zhuang)態(tai)
，即(ji)在(zai)給(gei)定(ding)的(de)空(kong)間(jian)內(nei)
，低(di)於(yu)大(da)氣(qi)壓(ya)力(li)的(de)氣(qi)體(ti)狀(zhuang)態(tai)。在(zai)真(zhen)空(kong)空(kong)間(jian)中(zhong)還(hai)包(bao)含(han)有(you)氣(qi)態(tai)分(fen)子(zi)，隻(zhi)是(shi)比(bi)大(da)氣(qi)壓(ya)下(xia)的(de)氣(qi)態(tai)分(fen)子(zi)數(shu)要(yao)少(shao)。真(zhen)空(kong)隻(zhi)是(shi)相(xiang)對(dui)於(yu)大(da)氣(qi)壓(ya)而(er)存(cun)在(zai)
，完(wan)全(quan)沒(mei)有(you)任(ren)何(he)物(wu)質(zhi)的(de)“絕對真空”
，是永遠也不可能存在的。 

 

 

2．什麼是真空度? 

 

 

真空度是指空間所具有的氣體壓力與當時大氣壓力的差值。一般說“真空度高”
、“真空度好”是指壓強低
，反之“真空度低”
、“真空壞”、“真空抽不上”是指壓強高。 

 

 

3．何謂“真空泵”? 

 

 

凡是能獲得真空的設備，統稱為真空泵。如水流泵
、旋片泵、滑閥泵
、羅茨泵
、油增壓泵
、擴散泵

、分子泵
、離子吸氣泵、升華泵
、低溫泵等都屬於真空泵。 

 

4．什麼是極限壓強? 

 

 

極ji限xian壓ya強qiang又you稱cheng極ji限xian真zhen空kong，是shi指zhi在zai真zhen空kong獲huo得de設she備bei中zhong能neng獲huo得de的de最zui高gao真zhen空kong度du，即ji最zui低di壓ya強qiang。各ge類lei真zhen空kong泵beng由you於yu本ben身shen結jie構gou內nei在zai原yuan因yin，所suo能neng獲huo得de的de真zhen空kong都dou有you一yi定ding的de限xian度du。機ji械xie真zhen空kong泵beng油you的de極ji限xian壓ya強qiang測ce定ding，規gui定ding必bi須xu選xuan用yong雙shuang級ji優you級ji真zhen空kong泵beng作zuo為wei試shi驗yan用yong泵beng，否fou則ze由you於yu泵beng本ben身shen就jiu達da不bu到dao油you品pin指zhi標biao規gui定ding的de極ji限xian壓ya強qiang
，對dui油you品pin測ce試shi結jie果guo會hui有you影ying響xiang。又you如ru擴kuo散san泵beng油you極ji限xian壓ya強qiang測ce試shi用yong的de三san級ji玻bo璃li油you擴kuo散san泵beng，也ye經jing過guo嚴yan格ge的de試shi驗yan選xuan擇ze後hou備bei用yong。 

 

 

5．何謂飽和蒸氣壓? 

 

renheyetizaiqihuashi
，yetifenzibixukefuyetifenziduitadeyinli，cainengtuoliyetibiaomianfeidaozhouweidekongjian，zhezhongxianxiangchengweizhengfa。xiangfandiqitizhuanhuaweiyetishi，chengweiningjie。 

 

 

zaiyidingwenduxiazaiyimibidekongjianzhong，ruguoyetizhengfashikongjianchongmanyidingmiduhuoyalidezhengqihou，yetibuzaizhengfajianshao，zheshiyetihezhengqiliangxiangdadaolexiangpingheng。zhezhongpinghengzhibuguoshibuduandezhengfayundonghebuduandeningjieyundongdadaotongdengchengdu。ruzaiyihengwendemibirongqizhong，rongqineideyetijiangzidongzhengfaqihua，yizhidaozhengqideyalidadaomouyizhihouyexiangbuzaijianshao，qiyabuzaizengjia
，jidadaoxiangdepingheng。cishidezhengqiyali
，jiuchengweigaiwuzhizaizheyiwenduxiadebaohezhengqiya。