手機版
春chun秋qiu時shi期qi，吳wu國guo和he越yue國guo之zhi間jian進jin行xing了le一yi場chang戰zhan爭zheng，吳wu王wang不bu幸xing受shou了le重zhong傷shang，不bu久jiu就jiu死si了le。他ta的de兒er子zi夫fu差cha作zuo了le吳wu國guo的de新xin國guo王wang，他ta發fa誓shi要yao替ti父fu親qin報bao仇chou。於yu是shi，他ta嚴yan格ge的de操cao練lian他ta的de士shi兵bing，把ba他ta們men訓xun練lian成cheng了le一yi支zhi非fei常chang厲li害hai的de軍jun隊dui。三san年nian以yi後hou，他ta對dui越yue國guo發fa動dong了le戰zhan爭zheng，抓zhua住zhu了le越yue王wang勾gou踐jian，把ba他ta帶dai回hui了le吳wu國guo。
為了複仇，夫差讓勾踐住在他父親墓旁的破石屋裏天天看墓、weima。goujianbiaomianshangfucong，xinlimianquexiangzhefuchou。jinianyihou，goujianbeifanghuiyueguo。talikekaishimimijujiyizhijundui。weiletixingzijibuyaowanglebaochou，tashuizaichaishang，haimeitianzaichifanshuijiaoqianchangyichangkudan。tongshi，tazhuanxinzhiliguojia，dalifazhannongye，jiaqiangminzhongjiaoyu。jinianhou，yueguoyoubiandeqiangdaqilai，ranhou，goujianzhuazhuyigeshidangdejihuixiaomielewuguo。
後來，人們用它來形容人刻苦自勵以達到自己定下的目標。
參考譯文：
During the Spring and Autumn period （770－476BC）, the State of Wu launched an attack against the State of Yue. The King of Wu was seriously wounded and soon died. His son Fu Chai became the new King. Fu was determined to get revenge. He drilled his army rigidly until it was a perfect fighting force. Three years later, he led his army against the State of Yue and caught its king Gou Jian. Fu took him to the State of Wu.
In order to avenge his father's death, Fu let him live in a shabby stone house by his father's tomb and ordered him to raise horses for him. Gou pretended to be loyal to Fu but he never forgot his humiliation. Many years later, he was set free. Gou secretly accumulated a military force after he went back to his own state. In order to make himself tougher he slept on firewood and ate a gall-bladder before having dinner and going to bed every night. At the same time he administered his state carefully, developing agriculture and educating the people. After a few years, his country became strong. Then Gou seized a favorable opportunity to wipe out the State of Wu.
Later, people use it to describe one who endures self-imposed hardships to strengthen one's resolve to realize one's ambition.
