電泳儀是實現電泳分析的儀器。一般由電源
、電泳槽、檢jian測ce單dan元yuan等deng組zu成cheng。所suo謂wei電dian泳yong，是shi指zhi帶dai電dian粒li子zi在zai電dian場chang中zhong的de運yun動dong，不bu同tong物wu質zhi由you於yu所suo帶dai電dian荷he及ji分fen子zi量liang的de不bu同tong，因yin此ci在zai電dian場chang中zhong運yun動dong速su度du不bu同tong
，據ju此ci可ke以yi對dui不bu同tong物wu質zhi進jin行xing定ding性xing或huo定ding量liang分fen析xi，或huo將jiang混hun合he物wu進jin行xing組zu分fen分fen析xi或huo單dan個ge組zu分fen提ti取qu製zhi備bei。電dian泳yong儀yi是shi實shi現xian電dian泳yong分fen析xi的de儀yi器qi。電dian泳yong是shi一yi種zhong帶dai電dian分fen子zi在zai電dian場chang中zhong向xiang著zhe電dian性xing相xiang反fan的de電dian極ji移yi動dong的de現xian象xiang。利li用yong電dian泳yong現xian象xiang進jin行xing物wu質zhi分fen離li的de技ji術shu，稱cheng電dian泳yong技ji術shu。

工作原理：在溶液中能吸附帶電質點或本身帶有可解離基團的物質顆粒
，如蛋白質、氨基酸等，在pHzhitiaojianxia，yuzhiliudianchangzhonghuishoudaodianxingxiangfandedianjixiyinerfashengyidong。butongwuzhidekelizaidianchangzhongdeyidongsuduchuyuqidaidianzhuangtaihedianchangqiangduyouguanwai，haiyukelidedaxiao、xingzhuanghejiezhinianduyouguan。genjuzheyitezheng，yingyongdianyongfabiankeyiduibutongwuzhijinxingdingxinghuodingliangfenxi，huojianghunhewujinxingzufenfenxihuodangezufentiquzhibei，dianyongyizhengshijiyushangshuyuanlishejizhizaode。dianyongdeyingxiangyinsuhenduo，zhuyaoyoubeifenliwuzhidedaidianheliangduoshao、電場強度、緩衝液的pH值和離子強度及支持介質的化學惰性。