一、按儀器使用說明書的規程操作

zheyidianzhuyaoshizhenduixingouzhiheanzhuangdeyiqi，bujinyaoqingdianlingbujianyubeijianshifouqiquan，gengyaojianzhashuomingshushifouqiquan
，yidingyaotuoshanbaoguanzhexieziliao
，yibeirihouzhayue。zaidulicaozuoyiqiqian
，yidingyaorenzhenyueduyouguanshiyongshuomingshu，bingqieyangeanguichengcaozuo。zheshizuohaoyiqifenxideqianti，erqiedangyiqichuxianwentishiyefangbianyuchangshanggoutong。tebieshihaizaibaoxiuqideyiqi
，ruguoyinweicaozuobudangchanshengdeguzhanghuozhesunhuai，changshangkeshibuhuimianfeiweixiude，youshizhebifeiyonghaishixiangdangkeguande。

二、準備一份色譜柱的測試標樣

sepuzhuxingnengshibaozhengfenxijieguodeguanjian。xingouzhidesepuzhu，shouxianyaoyongceshiyanglaipingjiaqixingneng
，ruguocaiyongsepuzhuchangshangtigongdeceshitiaojianerjieguobuhegeshi
，keyiyaoqiutuihuanhuo
，yimianzaochenghouxushiyandewenti。gengzhongyaodeshi
，zhihoushiyongguochengzhongsepuzhudexingnenghuifashengbianhua
，dangfenxijieguochuxianwentishi
，keyiyongceshiyangceshisepuzhu
，bingyuzhiqianjieguojinxingbidui，zheyangyouzhuyuwentidepaizha，yiquedingwentishifoushiyinweisepuzhuzaochengde。meiciceshijieguodouyinggaibaocunqilaizuoweisepuzhudeshoumingjilu。lingwai，jinxingyiduanshijiandeshiyanzhihou，yinggaiduisepuzhujinxingyicigaowenlaohua
，yichuquzhuneikenengcanliudewuranwu
，ranhouyongceshiyangzaicipingjiasepuzhu。

三、及時更換毛細管色譜柱密封墊

shimomifengdianlouqishiqixiangsepuchangjiandeguzhangzhiyi。yidingbunengzaibutongdesepuzhushangzhongfushiyongtongyimifengdian，jishitongyigenzhuzixiexiazhongxinanzhuangshi，zuihaoyeyaogenghuanxindemifengdian，zheyangnengbaozhenggenggaodegongzuoxiaolv。ruguozhuangshangsepuzhuhoufaxianlouqierzaigenghuanmifengdianzehuilangfeigengduodeshijian。jishijiudemifengdiankeyishiyong
，yexuyaobixindeduoningjinxie
，rongyiningduansepuzhu。

四
、使用純度符合要求的氣體

zaiqiyidingyaoshigaochunjide
，yibimianganraofenxihewuransepuzhuhuojianceqi。bijingsepuzhudejiageshigaochundanqihuozhehaiqideshibeiyishang
，ruguoyinweishengqianeryongputongqitiweimianyouxiedebuchangshile。jianceqidefuzhuqitizuihaoyeyonggaochunjide。suiranzailingminduyaoqiubugaodeshihoukeyiyongputongqiti，dandaijiahenyoukenengshizaochengjianceqiwuran。

五
、定期更換氣體淨化器填料

變色矽膠可以根據顏色來判斷其性能，但分子篩等吸附有機物的淨化器就不好通過觀察來判斷了。所以最好是定期更換
，基本以3個月為周期。如果矽膠與分子篩裝在一起
，更換矽膠時也應該更換分子篩。

六、使用性能可靠的壓力調節閥

裝(zhuang)在(zai)氣(qi)體(ti)鋼(gang)瓶(ping)上(shang)的(de)減(jian)壓(ya)閥(fa)要(yao)保(bao)證(zheng)質(zhi)量(liang)。有(you)些(xie)新(xin)閥(fa)就(jiu)會(hui)存(cun)在(zai)漏(lou)氣(qi)的(de)情(qing)況(kuang)，所(suo)以(yi)需(xu)要(yao)經(jing)常(chang)檢(jian)漏(lou)，隨(sui)時(shi)發(fa)現(xian)問(wen)題(ti)。如(ru)果(guo)不(bu)注(zhu)意(yi)輕(qing)則(ze)造(zao)成(cheng)氣(qi)體(ti)浪(lang)費(fei)，重(zhong)則(ze)會(hui)出(chu)現(xian)安(an)全(quan)問(wen)題(ti)，後(hou)果(guo)不(bu)堪(kan)設(she)想(xiang)。

七、定期更換進樣口隔墊

進jin樣yang口kou隔ge墊dian漏lou氣qi是shi氣qi相xiang色se譜pu的de常chang見jian故gu障zhang之zhi一yi。有you些xie儀yi器qi有you自zi檢jian功gong能neng可ke以yi發fa現xian漏lou氣qi，但dan是shi有you些xie微wei小xiao的de漏lou氣qi問wen題ti也ye是shi不bu能neng保bao證zheng發fa現xian的de，更geng有you些xie儀yi器qi就jiu沒mei有you自zi檢jian功gong能neng
，漏lou氣qi就jiu更geng是shi無wu從cong查zha起qi了le。曾zeng經jing就jiu有youGC-MS的初學者一夜之間漏完了一瓶氦氣，而且質譜圖上有一些含矽的離子峰。檢查各個管路

、連lian接jie閥fa均jun未wei發fa現xian問wen題ti，最zui後hou才cai發fa現xian是shi進jin樣yang口kou隔ge墊dian使shi用yong太tai久jiu，中zhong間jian竟jing然ran已yi經jing出chu現xian了le透tou光guang孔kong，氦hai氣qi就jiu是shi從cong這zhe裏li漏lou光guang的de。此ci外wai，隔ge墊dian老lao化hua降jiang解jie也ye會hui造zao成cheng分fen析xi結jie果guo的de幹gan擾rao，比bi如ru隔ge墊dian碎sui屑xie就jiu會hui掉diao進jin汽qi化hua室shi造zao成cheng鬼gui峰feng的de出chu現xian，就jiu如ru上shang麵mian所suo說shuo的de含han矽gui的de離li子zi峰feng。
市售的隔墊一般分為三種類型
，普通型（可耐溫至200℃）
、優質型（可耐溫至300℃）和高溫型（可耐溫至400℃）。耐高溫或抗老化性能越好、壽命越長，價格當然也就也就越高。選擇時可以根據實際分析條件和需求決定
，常規分析實驗室（汽化溫度不超過300℃）xuanzeyouzhixingdegedianjiukeyile，zuogaowenqixiangfenxishizuihaoxuanqugaowenxinggedian。zhiyuduojiugenghuanyicigedianzexuyaokanfenxiyangpindexingzhihefenxitiaojianle。changguijiancexingshiyanshiyibanmeitiangenghuanyige。yigegediandelianxushiyongshijianzuihaobuyaochaoguoyizhou
，dangranduiyujingyanfengfude“老司機”是可以憑經驗、手感之類的判斷是否需要更換的。

八、及時清洗注射器

ganjingdezhusheqinengbimianyangpinjiyixiaoyingdeganrao。genghuanyangpinshixuyaoqingxi
，yongtongyiyangpinduocijinyangshiyeyaoyongyangpinbenshenqingxizhusheqi。yizhizhusheqizanshibuyongshi（比如放假時），更geng要yao徹che底di清qing洗xi，否fou則ze殘can留liu在zai其qi中zhong的de樣yang品pin可ke能neng將jiang針zhen芯xin粘zhan住zhu
，造zao成cheng注zhu射she器qi的de報bao廢fei。使shi用yong自zi動dong進jin樣yang器qi時shi也ye要yao注zhu意yi此ci問wen題ti

，最zui好hao經jing常chang更geng換huan和he清qing洗xi注zhu射she器qi。

九
、定期檢查並清洗進樣口襯管

儀器長期使用後會發現襯管內積存有焦油狀物質，這是樣品中的不揮發成分造成的。此外還會有顆粒狀物質積存（隔墊碎屑
、樣品中的固體物質），zhexiedouhuiganraofenxidezhengchangjinxing。yinciyaodingqijianzha
，jishiqingxi。zhidezhuyideshi
，xianzaidechenguanzhongyijingtianchongleyixiejingguiwanhuachuliguodeshiyingbolimao，jikeyitigaoyangpindeqihuaxiaolv，younengfangzhigediansuixiejinrusepuzhuzaochengdusai，yekeyigenjushijixuyaogenghuanhuozhezengjianbolimao
，yiqidadaogenghaodexiaoguo。

十、保留完整的儀器使用記錄

儀器使用記錄是儀器的履曆，應逐日記錄，包括操作者、分析樣品

、條件、儀yi器qi工gong作zuo狀zhuang態tai等deng，一yi旦dan儀yi器qi出chu現xian問wen題ti，這zhe是shi查zha找zhao原yuan因yin的de重zhong要yao資zi料liao。一yi些xie研yan究jiu性xing的de實shi驗yan室shi往wang往wang不bu太tai注zhu意yi儀yi器qi使shi用yong記ji錄lu的de填tian寫xie，這zhe是shi需xu要yao注zhu意yi的de問wen題ti。

十一、更換零部件要逐一進行

維wei修xiu儀yi器qi時shi，不bu要yao一yi次ci更geng換huan多duo個ge部bu件jian，這zhe要yao容rong易yi造zao成cheng故gu障zhang原yuan因yin的de判pan斷duan失shi誤wu。應ying該gai一yi次ci更geng換huan一yi個ge部bu件jian，經jing測ce試shi後hou再zai更geng換huan另ling一yi個ge。這zhe樣yang既ji可ke以yi更geng準zhun確que的de判pan斷duan故gu障zhang原yuan因yin，也ye能neng避bi免mian不bu必bi要yao的de開kai支zhi。